Incubation period orvi and how to recognize it. Acute respiratory viral infection

“You decide for yourself what is good for your child,
and what is bad is the pinnacle of parental responsibility,
parenting art! Dr. E.O. Komarovsky
ARVI - acute respiratory (airborne)
drip) viral infection. 99% of all acute respiratory infections (acute
respiratory disease, an abbreviation that combines viral and bacterial infections) Influenza Influenza is the most famous, most famous (does not mean that it is the most terrible and severe) cause of acute respiratory infections and SARS in particular. Who is to blame: Influenza A, B and C Influenza A Influenza B
Viruses are so small that they can only be seen under
electron microscope Features: main - the ability to change. Influenza C virus is stable (having been ill once, a person has
immunity), B - changes, but moderately, A - the most insidious, it is he,
constantly changing, causes annual epidemics. Conclusion: If the flu
C - a disease exclusively of children, then influenza B - mainly of children. Ways of transmission of the virus: airborne (coughing, sneezing) How long the virus lives: in the air - up to four hours, in drops of saliva and sputum, after these drops dry and settle - about two
weeks, in room dust - up to five weeks Important: At the same time, almost all disinfectants easily kill the influenza virus and standard wet cleaning with
using these products (wet cleaning), yes airing
rooms, yes washing bed linen - a victory over the virus
more than real! Incubation period (the period from the introduction of the virus to the first
symptoms): from 1 to 3 days! Important: The patient is contagious 24 hours before the onset of the first symptoms! The onset of the disease is always acute. An hour ago everything seemed to be in
OK - and suddenly 39 gr, chills and a splitting head. Feeling that
you were run over by a skating rink. Usually this condition lasts 3-5 days. Virus
Influenza prefers the bronchi, causing, as a rule, bronchitis. How long is the patient contagious: another 1-2 days and after normalization of temperature, so consider, in general, a day before the first manifestation
symptoms somewhere 6 - 8 days!!! Rhinoviruses Rhinoviruses are leaders, champions among all acute respiratory infections: at least 30-40% of all acute respiratory infections. In the vast majority of cases in coughing and sniffing
nose, the rhinovirus is to blame. Who is to blame: this is not one virus, but a numerous genus, uniting more than a hundred species, and each such species can cause ARVI in humans (in
most cases, mild SARS, which is comforting). Rhinoviruses do not have
shells - "naked", a single influenza virus is four times larger
single rhinovirus. Variety of rhinoviruses Ways of transmission: airborne, contact (from one child to another through toys, through door handles, etc.) Incubation period: from 2 to 5 days Runny nose, cough, sneezing are pronounced, but body temperature is often
normal and general state little broken. We've been sick for about 7 days. How long the patient is contagious: about 4-5 days: 1-2 days before the onset of the first symptoms of the disease and 2-3 days after!!! Adenoviruses Adenoviruses - account for 2.5 - 5% of all cases of SARS. Adenovirus infections are simply amazing diversity. Who's to blame: In 1953, adenovirus was first discovered in children in adenoid tissue. Since then, it has become clear that adenoviruses on
Earth is an enormous multitude: to today discovered and
described 32 types and about a hundred varieties (variants) capable of
affect almost all mammals. One of the adenoviruses Transmission routes: airborne and contact Important: Adenoviruses do not limit their interests to the respiratory tract. The “favorite” place of adenovirus is the eyes! Adenovirus conjunctivitis- the most common viral
eye infections that take a very long time to heal. Very often occur
intestinal infections, somewhat less often - defeat urinary tract. How long the virus lives: in pools and ponds, even in tap water the virus under certain conditions can persist up to four or more
months. but even without water - on clothes, furniture, household items - too
maybe ... 2 weeks at room temperature and 2 months at - 4g. Incubation period: averages 5-7 days, but can vary from 3-14 days
month. Features: A child gets sick with acute respiratory infections, after 3-5 days improvement occurs, the whole family rejoices normal temperature and
appeared appetite, but on the sixth day rises again
temperature and s new force stuffy nose - a similar situation
called the undulating course of the disease. These features
adenovirus can lead to a significant prolongation of the terms
illness, where acute period illness can stretch up to 10-14 days. Important: So, for example, conjunctivitis is a symptom that is completely uncharacteristic of either the flu or the rhinovirus infection. BUT
means fever + stuffy nose + pharyngitis
(inflammation of the pharynx) + conjunctivitis + adenovirus infection
100%! Remember, conjunctivitis - contagious disease until the moment complete cure! There are very, very few ways to influence viruses. There is a small
number effective drugs which are far from safe,
expensive, used only in some special occasions, nearly
always in hospitals and severe forms diseases. 99% of SARS do not require any hospitals.
99.9% of ARVI does not require the use of any drugs,
affecting the virus - in a few days the human body
at the right help handle himself. Of course, these are not all manifestations of SARS, I have only touched on the main ones,
which I myself, as a mother of two children, most often encounter.
In the next blog, I will talk about such a beast as "sharp
bacterial infections” Used material from my handbook
famous doctor E.O. Komarovsky "ORZ: A guide for
sensible parents"

ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection) is a respiratory disease caused by a viral infection entering the body. The route of transmission of viruses is airborne. People with weakened immune systems are most likely to become infected acute infection in cold period this happens especially frequently.

To provide the patient with quality care, the doctor prescribes drugs with a complex spectrum of action. Next, consider what kind of disease it is, what are the causes and symptoms in adults, and how to treat ARVI for quick recovery organism.

What is SARS?

SARS are airborne infections caused by viral pathogens that mainly affect the respiratory system. Outbreaks of respiratory viral infections occur all year round, but the epidemic is more often observed in autumn and winter, especially in the absence of high-quality prevention and quarantine measures to detect cases of infection.

During periods of peak incidence of acute respiratory viral infections, ARVI is diagnosed in 30% of the world's population, respiratory viral infections are many times higher in frequency than other infectious diseases.

The difference between ARVI and ARI at first glance is insignificant. However, there may be a virus (influenza) or a bacterium (streptococcus), the causative agent of ARVI is only a virus.

The reasons

SARS are caused by a variety of viruses related to various kinds and families. They are united by a pronounced affinity for the cells of the epithelium lining the respiratory tract. Acute respiratory viral infections can cause different types viruses:

• flu,
• parainfluenza,
• adenoviruses,
• rhinoviruses,
• 2 serovars RSV,
• reoviruses.

Entering the body through the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract or the conjunctiva of the eyes, viruses, having penetrated the epithelial cells, begin to multiply and destroy them. Inflammation occurs at the sites of introduction of viruses.

Source of infection- a sick person, especially if this person is in initial stage diseases: feeling unwell and weak until the moment when a person realizes that he is sick, already isolating the virus, he infects his environment - the work team, fellow travelers in public transport, family.

The main route of infection airborne, with small particles of mucus and saliva released when talking, coughing, sneezing.

For the development of SARS great importance has a concentration of virus in environment. So, the smaller the number of viruses that enters the mucous membranes, the lower the percentage of the likelihood of developing the disease. A high saturation of viruses persists in a closed room, especially with a large crowd of people. The lowest concentration of viruses, on the contrary, is noted in fresh air.

Risk factors

Provoking factors contributing to the development of infection:

• hypothermia;
• stress;
• poor nutrition;
• unfavorable ecological situation;
• chronic infections.

It is best to determine how a doctor can treat SARS. Therefore, in the event of the appearance of the first symptoms, it is necessary to call a local therapist or pediatrician.

Incubation period

The incubation period of SARS in adults can last from 1 to 10 days, but mostly it is 3-5 days.

The disease is highly contagious. Viruses enter the mucous membranes by airborne droplets. You can get sick through the touch of hands, dishes, towels, so communication with the patient should be strictly limited.

In order not to infect other family members, the patient must:

• wear a special gauze bandage;
• use only your personal hygiene items;
• process them systematically.

After an illness, immunity does not develop resistance to SARS, which is due to a large number of various viruses and their strains. Moreover, viruses are subject to mutation. This leads to the fact that an adult can get ARVI up to 4 times a year.

If a patient is diagnosed with a disease, he is prescribed antiviral drugs and bed rest until complete recovery.

The first signs of an acute respiratory viral infection

Usually begins with a slight malaise and sore throat. In some people, at this time, an exacerbation of chronic herpes occurs, accompanied by the appearance of characteristic blisters with liquid in the lips.

The first signs of an acute respiratory viral infection will be:

• pain in the eyes;
• promotion general temperature body;
• a situation in which watery eyes and a runny nose;
• sore throat, dryness, irritation, sneezing;
• an increase in the size of the lymph nodes;
• sleep disorders;
• coughing fits;
• voice changes (if the mucous membranes of the larynx are inflamed).

How infectious is SARS for an adult? Experts have found that a person who catches the virus becomes contagious 24 hours before the very first symptoms of the disease are detected.

Thus, if signs of a respiratory infection appeared 2.5 days after the introduction of the pathogen into the body, then a sick person could infect others starting from 1.5 days after communicating with the previous carrier of the virus.

SARS symptoms in adults

Common features of SARS: relatively short-term (about a week) incubation period, acute onset, fever, intoxication and catarrhal symptoms. Symptoms of SARS in adults develop rapidly, and the sooner responses to the invasion of the infection are taken and treatment is started, the easier the immune system will cope with the disease.

Main symptoms:

• Malaise - weakness in the muscles and aching joints, I want to lie down all the time;
• drowsiness - constantly sleepy, no matter how long a person sleeps;
• runny nose - at first not strong, just like clear liquid from the nose. Most attribute this to a sharp change in temperature (I went from the cold into a warm room, and condensation appeared in my nose);
• chills - discomfort when touching the skin;
• sore throat - it can be expressed as a tickle, and a tingling sensation or even pain in the neck.

Depending on the state immune system, the symptoms of SARS may increase or decrease. If the protective functions of the respiratory organs are on high level, it will be very easy to get rid of the virus and the disease will not cause complications.

In addition, if usual symptoms SARS do not go away after 7-10 days, then this will also be a reason to consult a specialist (more often it becomes an ENT doctor).

If the patient has chronic diseases, then this can lead to an exacerbation. During the period of exacerbation, diseases develop: bronchial asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis,. They worsen a person's condition and make it difficult to treat.

Symptoms of SARS requiring emergency medical attention:

• temperature above 40 degrees, almost or not responding to taking antipyretic drugs;
• impaired consciousness (confused consciousness, fainting);
• intensive headache with the inability to bend the neck, bringing the chin to the chest
  the appearance of a rash on the body (asterisks, hemorrhages);
• chest pain when breathing, difficulty inhaling or exhaling, feeling short of breath, coughing up phlegm (pink is more serious);
• prolonged, more than five days of fever;
• the appearance of secretions from the respiratory tract green, Brown color, with an admixture of fresh blood;
• pain behind the sternum, not dependent on breathing, swelling.

Complications

If you do not take with SARS necessary measures on its treatment, complications may develop, which are expressed in the development of the following diseases and conditions:

• acute sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses with the addition of a purulent infection),
• downstream infection respiratory tract with the formation and ,
• spread of infection to the auditory tube with the formation,
• accession of a secondary bacterial infection (for example,),
• exacerbation of foci chronic infection how in broncho-pulmonary system as well as in other organs.

Particularly susceptible to this are the so-called "adult" teenagers who cannot sit at home for a minute. It is necessary to have a conversation with them, because complications after SARS can not only spoil life, there have been cases with a fatal outcome.

Diagnostics

Which doctor will help? If you have or suspect the development of ARVI, you should immediately seek advice from such doctors as a general practitioner, an infectious disease specialist.

For the diagnosis of ARVI, they usually use following methods examinations:

• Examination of the patient;
• Immunofluorescence express diagnostics;
• bacteriological research.

If the patient has developed bacterial complications, then he is referred for a consultation with other specialists - a pulmonologist, an otolaryngologist. If pneumonia is suspected, an X-ray of the lungs is performed. If there are pathological changes from the ENT organs, then the patient is prescribed pharyngoscopy, rhinoscopy, otoscopy.

How to treat SARS in adults?

At the first symptoms of the disease, bed rest is necessary. You need to call a doctor to make a diagnosis, determine the severity of the disease. In the mild and moderate form of ARVI, they are treated at home, the severe form is treated in an infectious diseases hospital.

1. Mode.
2. Decrease in toxicity.
3. Pathogen exposure - use antiviral agents with SARS.
4. Elimination of the main manifestations - runny nose, sore throat, cough.

Drugs for the treatment of SARS

It is necessary to treat SARS with the help of antiviral drugs, because the main cause of the disease is the virus. From the first hours of the onset of symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, no later than 48 hours later, they begin to take one of the drugs 2 times a day:

• Amiksin;
• rimantadine or amantadine - 0.1 g each;
• oseltamivir (Tamiflu) - 0.075 - 0.15 g;
• zanamivir (Relenza).

Accept antiviral drugs need 5 days.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This category includes:

• ibuprofen,
• Paracetamol
• Diclofenac.

These drugs have an anti-inflammatory effect, reduce temperature indicators relieve pain syndrome.

Can be taken combination drugs containing paracetamol - for example:

• Fervex,
• Theraflu

Their effectiveness is the same as that of conventional paracetamol, but they are more convenient to use and reduce the intensity of other symptoms of SARS due to the presence of phenylephrine and chlorphenamine in the composition.

Antihistamine medicines needed to reduce signs of inflammation: nasal congestion, swelling of mucous membranes. Reception "", "Fenistila", "Zirtek" is recommended. Unlike first-generation drugs, they do not cause drowsiness.

Against nasal congestion and runny nose with SARS in adults are used vasoconstrictor drops in the nose Vibrocil, Nazivin, Otrivin, Sanorin.

Are antibiotics needed?

The prognosis for SARS is generally favorable. The worsening of the prognosis occurs when complications occur, more than severe course often develops when the body is weakened, in children of the first year of life, persons old age. Some complications (pulmonary edema, encephalopathy, false croup) can lead to death.

The main indications for taking antibiotics for colds are the following:

• chronic inflammation of the middle ear;
• purulent otitis;
• purulent;
• quinsy;
• abscess;
• phlegmon.

1. An important action is isolation of the patient from society because the infection will then spread. Being in crowded places, the infected will endanger them.
2. It is required to observe a number of rules regarding the room where the patient is located. This includes its wet cleaning, mandatory ventilation (every 1.5 hours), temperature conditions (20-22 °), it is good if the indoor humidity is 60-70%.
3. Necessary plentiful drink , it should only be warm. In fact, this is any drink: tea, decoctions, compote, just warm water etc.
4. Taking a shock dose of vitamin C. In the early days of ARVI, you need to take ascorbic acid up to 1000 milligrams per day.
5. Warming up feet and hands with hot baths. Warming procedure can be carried out if the patient does not have a temperature.
6. Gargling. The throat must be gargled so that the infection does not spread. Gargling helps relieve coughs. Soda-salt solution, decoctions of chamomile, calendula, sage are suitable for gargling.
7. Rinse your nose regularly saline solutions . The cheapest option is saline, you can also use modern drugs Dolphin or - their effectiveness in comparison with conventional saline is absolutely identical.
8. Inhalations. This procedure aimed at relieving coughs. From folk remedies, for inhalation, you can use steam from potatoes "in uniform", as well as decoctions of chamomile, calendula, mint and others medicinal herbs. From modern means, for inhalation, you can use a nibulizer.

At acute stage diseases, a person has a fever, a serious condition, apathy, loss of appetite, pain in the joints, muscles, etc. As soon as the virus begins to "give over", the temperature balance normalizes - perspiration, pallor appear skin turns into a blush, the patient is hungry, drawn to sweets.

Food

Food during the treatment of ARVI should be light, quickly digestible. It is important to maintain a balance of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. For a speedy recovery, it is worth limiting the amount of fat consumed. But it is not necessary to give up easily digestible carbohydrates. They will replenish energy reserves.

Depending on the stage of recovery, the nutrition of a patient with ARVI can be built as follows:

• On the first day of illness - baked apples, low-fat yogurt, fermented baked milk.
• On the second or third day - boiled meat or fish, porridge with milk, dairy products.
• On the days of complications of the disease - boiled or stewed vegetables, low-fat sour-milk products.

Folk remedies for SARS

ARVI can be treated with the following folk remedies:

1. Brew in a glass of boiling water for 1 tsp. ginger powder, ground cinnamon, add ground black pepper on the tip of a knife. Insist under the lid for 5 minutes, add 1 tsp. honey. Take a glass every 3-4 hours.
2. Modern healers recommend treating colds with a special mixture of juices. You will need: juice of 2 lemons, 1 crushed garlic clove, 5 mm fresh ginger root, 1 apple with skin, 1 pear with skin, 300 gr. water, 1 tablespoon honey. If the juice is intended for adults, you can add a slice of radish 2 cm thick to it. Drink the resulting mixture 2 times a day until complete recovery.
3. You can inhale over a container with hot water. To increase efficiency, a clove of garlic, an extract of needles, fir oil, and eucalyptus are added to the liquid. Also, on the basis of these oils, nasal drops are made.
4. To disinfect the air in the room, it is worth putting a container with onions or garlic in the room. They are rich in useful phytoncides that destroy viruses.
5. Loss of smell is one of the most unpleasant symptoms colds (especially for an aromatherapist!) Chervil, geranium and basil oils can help your trouble. Use them when taking baths and during inhalations.

Prevention

To preventive methods SARS include:

• limiting contact with a sick person;
• use of a protective gauze mask;
• humidification of the air to prevent drying of the mucous membranes;
• quartzization of premises;
• ventilation of premises;
• good food;
• sports;
• the use of vitamins and restorative drugs in the offseason;
• personal hygiene.

You will get maximum results if you complex treatment ARVI, take all medications prescribed by your doctor and remember about bed rest.

The influenza virus that enters the human body does not immediately make itself felt. Therefore, in order to timely detect the first symptoms and start treatment, it is desirable to understand how long the incubation period of ARVI is, how to determine given state and what measures can be taken at the very beginning of infection. In addition, it will help prevent infection of other people.

What is the incubation period for influenza and SARS in adults?

It should be noted that there are many varieties of acute respiratory viral infections, the type of which depends on the etiology and timing of development. clinical symptoms. The most common among them:

• flu;
• reovirus;
• respiratory syncytial virus;
• coronavirus;
• parainfluenza;
• rhinovirus;
• coxsackie virus;
• ECHO virus.

As a rule, all of the listed subtypes of the disease under consideration are similar in terms of signs that characterize acute intoxication body:

• cough;
• runny nose;
• swelling of mucous membranes;
• temperature rise.

But there is often a mixture of different clinical manifestations, which further provokes the occurrence of secondary infectious complications in the form of catarrhal angina, pneumonia, bronchitis. Moreover, the development of these diseases can occur directly during the incubation period of SARS. In such cases, it is believed that immediately after infection with the virus, an intensive reproduction of pathogenic aerobic and anaerobic bacteria began in the body.

How many days is an ARVI patient contagious?

From the moment the virus enters the body, a person is its carrier, respectively, can infect others, even if obvious symptoms have not yet appeared. Usually, the flu and other types of the disease described begin quickly and acutely, within 1-3 days, but with severe protective functions immunity incubation can last about a week.

It is worth noting that a patient with ARVI is contagious throughout the entire period of the pathology until all the cells of the virus in his body die. This means that even with persistent improvements, a decrease in body temperature to normal values and elimination external symptoms flu, a person is still a carrier of the disease and can be a danger to others, because ARVI is transmitted easily - by airborne droplets.

How long is the incubation period for ARI and SARS?

First of all, it is necessary to clearly understand the difference between these two diseases.

With acute respiratory infections, a local lesion occurs, most often in the respiratory tract, without a significant increase in temperature (rarely exceeds 38 degrees). The disease progresses slowly and does not spread to other organs, the symptoms of intoxication are either weak or not expressed at all.

Influenza and SARS are characterized by a sharp, intense onset, with the rapid onset of signs of illness. In addition, these pathologies cause several groups of clinical manifestations at once:

The main difference between the considered respiratory diseases is that the cause of ARVI is necessarily a viral infection, and the patient is contagious for a long period of time, while these qualities are not inherent in acute respiratory infections.

The incubation period of influenza, as already mentioned, is short, and with acute respiratory infections it can be up to 14 days. In this case, the condition of the victim is relatively normal, and the temperature rise is sometimes either completely absent, or reaches a subfebrile value.

Influenza and ARVI today have the highest prevalence compared to other diseases. Infections are transmitted so quickly that sometimes even healthy man, unknowingly, may be a source of viruses. However, if you take care of your health earlier, the disease can be prevented.

SARS is transmitted by airborne droplets. Hence, the source of the disease is an infected person. Virus transmission can occur different ways. Of these, the most common is communication with a person who is already sick with ARVI. Also, the infection can enter the body through the cutlery used by the patient and through the products next to which the infected person was located.

Signs of SARS

Avoid flu and others viral diseases failed if the following symptoms are found:

• runny nose;
• nasal congestion;
• cough;
• heat;
• chills.

In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor and try not to contact people for a certain period of time. Let us analyze in detail how long the incubation period lasts in a patient with ARVI.

Incubation period

First, let's find out what the incubation period is.

The incubation period is such a period of time when the viruses have already entered the body, but the patient does not yet feel any symptoms and signs. This period lasts on average from one to four days in adults, in children and people suffering from a weak immune system - up to 10 days. Only after this do the first symptoms of influenza or SARS begin to appear.

It is believed that these days a person is especially contagious, but it is not worth denying the fact that viruses are transmitted throughout the illness. In addition, depending on the type of viral infection, the incubation period has a different duration.

By ARVI they mean: adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses and parapertussis.

1. Influenza is a disease that develops the fastest, and its symptoms are noticeable in the first days. The incubation period lasts two days, and the disease disappears after 5-10 days;
2. Parainfluenza has some similarities with the flu. However, the period of illness can be up to three weeks, bringing with it complications such as pneumonia and exacerbation chronic diseases. The incubation period lasts 4 days;
3. adenovirus infection. It is characterized by weakness, lack of appetite, swelling of the face, swollen lymph nodes. Its incubation period is from 5 to 12 days, but a person can remain a carrier for a long time after illness;
4. Rhinovirus infection. You can identify such a disease by a runny nose and lacrimation. However, the disease is not accompanied by fever. The incubation period is small - 2 days;
5. Respiratory syncytial infection. Its incubation period is seven days, and the main symptoms are a runny nose and pain when swallowing. The illness lasts 7-12 days. In children, it is more severe than in adults;
6. Parapertussis. The incubation period lasts 3-7 days. It starts with a cough that gets progressively worse.

Complications of SARS

Often an attempt to self-medicate SARS does not lead to the most best results, which subsequently causes acute inflammation organism in the form of complicated diseases and high temperature. Complications are more prone to children under three years of age, pregnant women, the elderly, people with weak immunity and chronic diseases.

All complications colds can be divided into groups:

• Complication on the lungs. If the disease is not completely cured, then the infectious disease will turn into bacterial infection, which in turn develops in the lungs and bronchi, and entails bronchitis and pneumonia. You can find out about the complication that has appeared by observing the following symptoms: persistent cough after an illness, the temperature jumped up again, weakness of the body a week after a general malaise;
• Complications on the ears, nose, throat. Most common complication is angina. Calculate it according to the following features: high fever, pain when swallowing, weakness, red throat, inflammation of the lymph nodes. In addition to tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, and rhinitis also occur with ARVI;
• Complications of the nervous system. The rarest, but the most dangerous view complications, especially for the elderly. It is expressed in the form of radiculitis, myositis and other neuralgic diseases. Often at the same time people are haunted by headaches, nausea, dizziness. In some cases, vision and hearing are impaired.

Treatment of colds

Treatment should begin as soon as the first signs are detected. Basically, the treatment of SARS takes place at home with bed rest. It is very important to pay great attention to the body, listen to the symptoms and follow the basic rules. In the early days, you will have to limit yourself to certain foods, such as smoked meats and sweets.

Especially useful during this period will be vegetables, fruits, juices. Mandatory use a large number water to help the body bring down the temperature faster. And, of course, the room should always have fresh and cool air.

Such elementary rules will help in the treatment of influenza along with other methods.

However, do not forget about folk methods, which, together with pharmacy medicines render positive effect. These may be: herbal decoction, berry tea, inhalations, rubbing, gargling.

For the treatment of a runny nose, it is desirable to use herbal drops, but not drying ones. It is impossible to get rid of cough in the first days, it is better to use drugs to soften sputum.

SARS prevention

As you know, the main source of ARVI is a person. Of course, it is impossible to avoid meetings and contacts with people, but each of us can reduce the risk of influenza.

• Before each exit to the street, put on a medical mask. Perhaps this is the most effective method avoid flu and SARS;
• Take regular walks in the fresh air away from city noise;
• Pay attention to personal hygiene. Most bacteria accumulate on the hands;
• Provide clean, moist air and cleanliness in the room. Ventilate the room regularly;
• Eat more vitamins, garlic and honey. This will strengthen the body well.

To avoid complications, it is better to take up the treatment of influenza in its first stages. Then the disease will not proceed so painfully, and the period of the disease will be reduced.

How long is the incubation period for SARS? This question interests many patients. SARS (acute respiratory viral infection) is considered the most common infectious disease that affects the human respiratory tract. ARVI also includes respiratory syncytial infection, adenovirus diseases, parainfluenza, influenza. All of these viruses infect the lungs and respiratory tract by airborne droplets. AT large quantities viruses are found in nasal secretions, sputum, and saliva.

At weak immunity the infection spreads quickly, and the infected person has a hard time with the disease, up to complications. Viral pathogens are not resistant to disinfectants, ultraviolet rays, heat. This may cause them to die.

How long is the incubation period?

Before the infection begins to host in the human body, it does not show any signs of itself - this is called the incubation period. It can last from several hours to several weeks, in rare cases, months. Everything depends on the organism.

But on average, the incubation period of SARS lasts 3-4 days.

Children are the most susceptible to SARS. They get infected much more often than adults. Babies can get sick from birth. Most often, children begin to get sick from six months to 3 years. After 3 years, the child's immunity becomes more resilient in relation to diseases.

Some types of the virus exist for a short time, but may soon visit the child again. may occur several times in a row. As soon as the disease passes, the child starts to get sick again. Infect a child viral diseases will not be difficult.

The focus of infection can be places where there is no hygiene: public places, unventilated rooms, cold factor. It doesn't matter what time of the year - the flu epidemic can occur even in summer. When a child begins to get sick, his body temperature rises, appetite worsens, a feeling of fatigue appears, bad dream, runny nose, cough.

In children with SARS, the defeat of the respiratory tract begins from the pharynx and ends with the lungs. Because of this, diseases of various forms arise: tonsillitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, pharyngitis and others associated with the respiratory process. AT early age the child may begin asthmatic bronchitis with shortness of breath. Intestinal dysfunction may occur due to an infectious disease.

The disease in children does not last long, with virtually no complications, the high temperature lasts for about 2 days, but other symptoms pass more slowly. If the child's body temperature is long time, which means that another viral or microbial infection. may appear thick purulent discharge, pain when swallowing, asthma attacks, otitis occurs.

The child has little chance of getting complications with SARS. They can occur mostly due to deviations of the nervous system. In rare cases, glands may be affected internal secretion. In children in young age complications begin when ARVI microbes are present in the body. Then the child may develop pneumonia, stomatitis, inflammation Bladder, otitis, inflammation of the kidneys.

With an acute respiratory infection in a child, the physical development, inflammatory and chronic sources are formed in the body. After repeated infections may arise allergic reactions at hypersensitivity to microbes and viruses.

• parainfluenza;
• flu;
• rhinovirus infection;
• adenovirus infection.

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What are the symptoms of the disease?

The influenza virus is considered the most pronounced in its symptoms and consequences, unlike other ARVI diseases. It affects everything in its path in the body: blood vessels, nervous system, lung tissue, Airways. The flu can cause problems with the liver, small intestine, pancreas. The incubation period can last only one day.

The patient has:

• migraine;
• weakness;
• elevated body temperature.

In complicated forms, vomiting, nosebleeds, convulsions, delirium, subcutaneous hemorrhages, loss of consciousness are observed. If the flu proceeds without complications, the symptoms last from 1 to 2 days, with fever - 4-5 days.

Parainfluenza is similar to influenza, its symptoms appear gradually. In mild forms, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract can be observed, the temperature does not rise. In more severe forms, fever can occur, which lasts from 7 days, the pharynx and respiratory tract are affected. In many cases, with parainfluenza, there are "partners": laryngitis, pharyngitis, asthmatic bronchitis, rhinitis.

With rhinovirus infection, the nasal mucosa is affected. It becomes inflamed, and it becomes difficult for the patient to breathe. start to appear copious discharge from the nose, the person often sneezes. The body temperature is mostly normal, the patient complains of weakness, migraine, runny nose. The illness lasts about a week. If infections are accompanied by otitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, then it lasts much longer.

High temperatures do not affect adenovirus infection. It can be in the patient's body for up to a month. You can get infected with such a virus even through food. Viruses can reproduce not only in respiratory tract, but also in the intestines, diseases of the liver, intestines, eyes are possible.