Ksefokam - solution for injection. Tablets and injections Ksefokam: instructions, analogues, reviews and prices

Xefocam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of rheumatic, inflammatory diseases, as well as pains of different genesis. The drug is characterized by rapid absorption, has a pronounced analgesic and analgesic effect, but has serious side effects and contraindications. Latin name— Xeroformium, manufacturer — Wasserburger Artsneimittelwerk GmbH, international generic name(pln) - Lornoxicam. More detailed information You can find out in the Vidal reference book, on Wikipedia, on the Internet there are photos of the packaging.

Composition, how much

The main active ingredient of the drug Ksefokam is lornoxicam (8 mg), the drug has three forms of release: tablets Ksekofam and Ksefokam Rapid, as well as powder for solution for injection. The effect of tablets and injections is practically the same, except for the speed of obtaining the effect.

The maximum concentration of the drug after taking the tablet form is reached after 1.5-2 hours, after injections - in just 15 minutes. The composition of the tablets includes the following excipients: lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, cellulose, povidone K25, magnesium stearate. In addition to the main active ingredient, the vials contain disodium edetate, trometamol, mannitol.

Indications for use?

The drug Xefokam has the ability to suppress pain, helps with traumatic, dental, articular, headache, vertebral, menstrual and other types of pain.

The drug Xefocam provides an additional anti-inflammatory effect in the treatment of exacerbations of inflammatory or degenerative processes. The latter occur when chronic pathologies musculoskeletal system, xekofam is recommended to drink with arthrosis, arthritis, osteochondrosis, gout, tendovaginitis, as well as osteochondrosis cervical region, with a hernia of the spine.

Analogues are cheaper

Cheaper Retard, Meloxicam, Isoenzyme can replace Xekofam.

Other analogues: Movalis, Xefocam, Lyophilisate, Voltaren, Texamen.

Ksefokam or Movalis: which is better?

What is the difference between Xekofam and Movalis? In the first case, the action of the drug is aimed at suppressing pain, Movalis has a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Movalis has a more gentle effect on the gastric mucosa, so it is better to drink it for gastritis or for patients who have had a stomach ulcer. Movalis is also recommended to be taken as part of a course therapy for inflammatory diseases of the joints (osteochondrosis, arthritis, rheumatism, etc.), accompanied by mild or moderate pain. Ksefokam is prescribed for severe pain of any origin, as well as as part of course therapy in the treatment of patients without diseases digestive system. What is the price? The cost of Xefocam starts from 100 rubles, Movalis can be bought for 500-600 rubles.

Instructions for use Ksefokam

The instructions for use indicate that Xefocam should be taken orally before meals, washed down with water, without chewing. With intense pain, it is allowed to take a double dose (2 tablets), after which the dose is reduced to 1 tablet. The maximum possible dose on the first day is 4 tablets, on subsequent days you can take 2 tablets. In the treatment of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, treatment is prescribed on an individual basis.

Ampoules for injections

Xekofam in ampoules is intended for parenteral use, the dosage is prescribed by the doctor according to the prescription. To suppress postoperative pain, Xecofarm is administered intravenously or intramuscularly, with acute attack ischalgia / lumbago - intramuscularly. The initial dose is 8 mg, with insufficient effectiveness, doubling the dose is allowed. With maintenance therapy, 8 mg 2 r per day is administered, the maximum dose is 16 mg.

Intravenous administration involves the use of a dropper, 8 mg must be diluted in 2 ml of water for injection, duration drip injection must be at least 15 seconds.

How to take during pregnancy?

Reception during pregnancy and during the period breastfeeding prohibited, active substance affects fertility, the drug is also not recommended when planning pregnancy.

Xefocam for cervical osteochondrosis can only be prescribed by the treating specialist.

Ksefokam Rapid: instruction

Tablets are also recommended to be taken before meals with a glass of water. With a strong and moderate pain syndrome, the dosage is 1-2 tablets, in the first 24 hours, if necessary, 2 tablets, then 2 tablets. 2 p. in a day. In inflammatory diseases, the initial adult dosage is 1.5 tab., then - 1-2 tab. during the day.

With intravenous and intramuscular administration, the initial dose is 8-16 mg, then 2 tab. 2 p. per day, the maximum daily dose is 16 mg.

For violations of the functioning of the liver or kidneys in elderly patients, with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, with a weight of less than 50 kg, over 65 years of age, the maximum daily dose is 12 mg in three divided doses.

Can Xefocam be diluted with Novocain?

How to properly dilute for injections, is it possible to dilute with novocaine? It is best to use special water for injection for these purposes; it is sold in vials or ampoules in pharmacies. The liquid is not only distilled, but also deionized, it does not contain any impurities. Diluting the powder in this way guarantees high efficiency and reduces the risk of side effects.

If it is not possible to dilute the defect in special water, Novocaine, Saline, Lidocaine can be used. For 1 vial of powder there should be 2 ml of solvent; before the injection, the needle on the syringe must be changed.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, side effects of the drug (rash, redness) may increase, treatment involves symptomatic therapy, it is recommended to take Activated carbon, for the prevention of damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, antiulcer drugs are prescribed.

Contraindications

The annotation describes the following contraindications for the use of Ksefokam:

thrombocytopenia;
complete / incomplete combination of recurrent nasal polyposis / paranasal sinuses, bronchial asthma,
intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid and various NSAIDs;
bleeding disorders or hemorrhagic diathesis;
postoperative period associated with the risk of incomplete hemostasis or bleeding;
erosion, mucosal ulcers duodenum or stomach;
cerebrovascular, gastrointestinal or other bleeding;
acute forms of inflammatory bowel disease (NUC, Crohn's disease);
stage of decompensation of heart failure;
active phase of liver disease, kidney disease or liver / kidney failure;
the period after coronary artery bypass grafting;
age up to eighteen years;
hypersensitivity to individual components;
confirmed hypovolemia, hyperkalemia or dehydration;
recurrence of stomach ulcers, repeated bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract;
information on bleeding caused by NSAIDs.

Xefocam is a drug from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with a predominant analgesic effect. The drug is prescribed for quick relief pain syndrome light to moderate intensity. Ksefokam is contraindicated in children, pregnant women, during lactation, patients with severe renal and liver failure.

Dosage form

Ksefokam is available as a yellow lyophilized powder for preparation injection solution for intramuscular and intravenous administration. The drug is packaged in dark glass bottles with a capacity of 2 ml. In PVC blister 5 vials, cardboard box one blister. The solution for injection is prepared immediately before administration. The lyophilizate is dissolved with water for injection in a volume of 2 ml. The solution has yellow, transparent, without foreign impurities.

Description and composition

Active substance medicinal product- lornoxicam (8 mg in 1 vial). The drug is an NSAID with a pronounced analgesic effect, a weak anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect. The elimination of pain syndrome is associated with a violation of the synthesis of prostaglandins (inflammatory mediators).

Excipients: disodium editate, mannitol, trometamol. Additional components in the composition of the drug are necessary to create a comfortable dosage form for parenteral administration(by injection).

Pharmacological group

Ksefokam refers to non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs with a pronounced analgesic effect. Pharmacological group- NSAIDs, oxycams. In addition to the analgesic effect, the drug reduces inflammation in peripheral tissues and normalizes body temperature, but to a much lesser extent.

Pharmacodynamics

Xefocam has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic effect by blocking the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, which is involved in the metabolism of prostaglandins. As a result, the sensitivity of pain receptors is disturbed, microcirculation in the area of inflammation improves, and the permeability of the wall of small arteries decreases. The drug does not act on opioid receptors, which prevents respiratory depression and the development of addiction to the drug.

Lornoxicam has an antiaggregatory effect - it prevents the formation of blood clots, which increases the bleeding time. As a result of a violation of the synthesis of prostaglandins, the drug increases the risk of ulceration of the mucous membrane digestive tract and development internal bleeding. At therapeutic doses, lornoxicam does not change vital signs such as blood pressure, respiratory and pulse rate, and body temperature.

Pharmacokinetics

After parenteral administration maximum dose the drug substance in the blood plasma is fixed after 30-40 minutes. The bioavailability of lornoxicam reaches 98%. In the blood, the drug is 99% bound to blood transport proteins. Metabolized in the liver by hydroxylation to form pharmacologically active metabolites. The half-life is 3-4 hours. Lornoxicam accumulates in bile by 60% and is excreted with stool, 30% leaves the body with urine.

Indications for use

For adults

Xefocam is used to relieve low and medium degree intensity of any kind. The drug is prescribed in the postoperative period for the relief of pain.

For kids

In any period childhood the drug is not prescribed.

During the period of gestation, the drug is not prescribed. Lornoxicam penetrates through the vessels of the placenta into the tissues of the fetus and contributes to the formation of malformations in the cardiovascular and urinary systems. During breastfeeding, the drug can enter the baby's body and cause toxic reactions. The purpose of the drug requires a solution to the issue of temporarily transferring the child to artificial mixtures.

Contraindications

Before prescribing Xefocam, you need to know the contraindications to prevent the development undesirable consequences therapy.

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach and intestines in the acute phase.
Gastric and duodenal ulcer, Crohn's disease, erosive ulcerative colitis complicated by internal bleeding in history.
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Anaphylaxis to other NSAIDs.
Diseases with a violation in the blood coagulation system (hemorrhagic, thrombocytopenic purpura).
Renal failure of severe and moderate severity.
Liver failure of severe and moderate severity.
Chronic heart failure in the stage of decompensation.
Coronary artery bypass grafting.
Childhood.
The period of gestation and lactation.

Xefocam is used with caution when, hypertension, atherosclerosis. Prescribing the drug to patients over 65 years of age is associated with high risk the formation of ulcers of the digestive tract and the development of internal bleeding. Smoking and drinking alcohol enhances the ulcerogenic (ulcerative) effect of the drug.

Application and doses

For adults

Ksefokam is used for parenteral administration in the form of intramuscular and intravenous injections for the relief of pain. The lyophilisate in vials is diluted with 2 ml of water for injection immediately before use. If necessary, store the finished solution for 24 hours in a refrigerator. The solution is injected deep into the muscle gluteal region for 5 seconds, into the cubital vein for 15 seconds.

Per day appoint 2 ml of solution once or 2 times a day. Daily dose- 16 mg. When intense pain administration of 4 ml (16 mg) of solution once is allowed. To reduce the risk of side effects, select the minimum effective dosage and course of therapy.

For kids

Xefocam is not prescribed in childhood.

For pregnant women and during lactation

Ksefokam is not prescribed during the period of gestation and lactation.

Side effects

Side effects usually develop when administered high doses drug, especially in patients with chronic insufficiency kidneys and liver.

Abdominal pain, constipation, loose stools, nausea, peptic ulcer, stomach or intestinal bleeding.
Skin itching,.
Baldness (alopecia).
, decreased visual acuity.
Noise in ears.
Dizziness.
Pain in bones, muscles, joints.
Raise blood pressure, increased heart rate.
Edema of the face and lower extremities.
Sleep disturbance, mental arousal, depression.
Asthenia.

Blood tests reveal an increase in the level of nitrogen, urea, liver enzymes, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. With the progression of side effects, the drug is canceled.

Interaction with other drugs

Simultaneous administration of Xefocam with antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, other NSAIDs, glucocorticosteroids, selective serotonin uptake inhibitors, potassium preparations, valproic acid, cefamandol, cefotetan, alcohol increases the ulcerogenic effect of the drug and increases the risk of bleeding from the digestive tract.

The use of Xefocam with lithium preparations, tacrolimus, cyclosporine is increasing toxic effect medicinal substances on the body. Parallel assignment with ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers and diuretics reduces the hypotensive effect. The hypoglycemic effect is potentiated when taking Xefocam with sulfonylurea derivatives.

special instructions

At long-term use Ksefokam it is necessary to control the indicators of the blood coagulation system and kidney function. Regular monitoring is most relevant in the treatment of patients over 65 years of age, patients with severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, while using drugs that increase bleeding time. Elderly patients are advised to regularly measure blood pressure.

To prevent the formation of ulcers in the mucosa of the digestive system, Ksefokam is prescribed while taking inhibitors. proton pump. Must be avoided simultaneous application drug with other NSAIDs. During therapy, you should stop taking alcoholic beverages. Xefocam should be used with caution in patients who are taking vehicles and work with dangerous machinery.

Overdose

When taking high doses of the drug, nausea, repeated nausea, dizziness, blurred vision, convulsions, loss of consciousness, bleeding develop. In case of overdose, appoint symptomatic therapy. Hemodialysis is not effective, there is no specific antidote. The drug is cancelled.

Storage conditions

The drug is stored in a dry place, protected from direct exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Temperature regime - + 7- + 20 degrees. It is allowed to store the drug in a refrigerator. Restrict access for children.

Lyophilizate for solution preparation for intravenous and intramuscular injection 8 mg; bottle (bottle) of dark glass, cardboard pack 5;

Lyophilisate for solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 8 mg; bottle (vial) of dark glass with a solvent in ampoules, cardboard pack 1;

Lyophilisate for solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 8 mg; bottle (bottle) of dark glass, cardboard pack 10;

Compound
Lyophilisate for solution preparation for intravenous and intramuscular administration 1 vial.
active substance:
lornoxicam 8 mg
excipients: mannitol - 100 mg; trometamol - 12 mg; disodium edetate - 0.2 mg
in dark glass bottles, sealed with a rubber stopper, rolled up with an aluminum cap and closed with a plastic cap; 5 or 10 bottles with lyophilisate without solvent in a carton pack.

Pharmacodynamics of Xefocam

It has a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Lornoxicam has complex mechanism action, which is based on the suppression of PG synthesis, due to the inhibition of the activity of COX 1 and 2 isoenzymes both in the focus of inflammation and in healthy tissues. In addition, lornoxicam inhibits the release of oxygen free radicals from activated leukocytes.

The analgesic effect of lornoxicam is not associated with an opiate-like effect on the central nervous system and, unlike narcotic analgesics, lornoxicam does not depress respiration, does not cause drug dependence.

Pharmacokinetics of Xefocam

With the / m administration, Cmax of lornoxicam in plasma is reached after about 0.4 hours. The absolute bioavailability (calculated on the basis of the AUC value) after the / m administration is 97%. T1 / 2, on average, is 3-4 hours. Lornoxicam is present in plasma unchanged, as well as in the form of a hydroxylated metabolite, which does not have pharmacological activity. The degree of binding to plasma proteins is 99% and does not depend on concentration. Lornoxicam is completely metabolized, approximately 1/3 of the metabolites are excreted in the urine and 2/3 in the feces. In the elderly and in patients with impaired liver and kidney function, no significant changes pharmacokinetics of lornoxicam.

Contraindications to the use of Xefocam

hypersensitivity to lornoxicam or to one of its excipients, to other NSAIDs, including acetylsalicylic acid(including "aspirin" asthma);

Hypocoagulation, hemorrhagic diathesis, blood clotting disorders, as well as a condition after operations associated with the risk of bleeding or incomplete hemostasis;

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract ( peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, ulcerative colitis) in the acute stage;

Severe liver dysfunction;

Moderate or severe renal dysfunction (serum creatinine >300 µmol/l);

Severe thrombocytopenia;

Gastrointestinal bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage (including suspicion);

Severe heart failure and hypovolemia;

The period of pregnancy or breastfeeding;

Age up to 18 years (due to insufficient clinical experience);

Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

With caution: slightly pronounced renal impairment (serum creatinine concentration 150–300 µmol/l); bronchial asthma; liver disease; compensated heart failure; gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding history; elderly patients (65 years and older, as a decrease in lornoxicam clearance is possible), as well as patients with body weight<50 кг и после хирургического вмешательства.

Side effects of Xefocam

About 16% of patients (in the case of long-term treatment up to 20-25% of patients) may experience adverse reactions associated with the gastrointestinal tract, 5% of patients may experience reactions associated with CNS disorders and 2% - skin reactions.

When using the drug Xefocam®, the following undesirable effects may occur:

Gastrointestinal: often (≥1% and<10%) - боль в животе, диарея, тошнота, рвота, изжога; редко (<1%) - запор, дисфагия, сухость во рту, метеоризм, гастрит, эзофагит, эрозивно-язвенные поражения слизистой оболочки желудка и кишечника и/или желудочно-кишечные кровотечения, стоматит, геморроидальное кровотечение, повышение активности печеночных трансаминаз и ЩФ, нарушение функции печени.

Skin: rarely - skin rashes, bullous rashes, eczema, erythema multiforme, erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis), alopecia, photosensitivity, purpura.

Hematopoietic system: rarely - thrombocytopenia, an increase in bleeding time, anemia, a decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and leukocytes, agranulocytosis.

CCC: rarely - the development or aggravation of heart failure, an increase or decrease in blood pressure, palpitations, tachycardia.

CNS: often - dizziness, headache; infrequently - insomnia, drowsiness, malaise, weakness, hot flashes; rarely - drowsiness, dizziness, paresthesia, tremor, taste disturbances, agitation, depression, tremor, aseptic meningitis.

Respiratory system: rarely - shortness of breath, bronchospasm, cough, rhinitis.

Urinary system: rarely - dysuria, decreased glomerular filtration, increased concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine in the blood, interstitial nephritis, glomerulonephritis, papillary necrosis, nephrotic syndrome, peripheral edema, acute renal failure.

Musculoskeletal system: rarely - myalgia, leg muscle cramps.

Sense organs: rarely - conjunctivitis, visual disturbances, tinnitus.

Allergic reactions: rarely - bronchospasm, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome), allergic purpura, systemic anaphylactic reactions (including shock).

Other: rarely - loss of appetite, change in body weight, increased sweating.

Local reactions: hyperemia, soreness at the injection site.

Dosage and administration of Xefocam

In / in, in / m. The solution for injection is prepared immediately before use by dissolving the contents of one vial (8 mg of Xefocam® powder) with water for injection (2 ml).

After preparing the solution, the needle is replaced. In / m injections are made with a long needle.

The solution thus prepared is administered intravenously or intramuscularly for postoperative pain and intramuscularly for an acute attack of lumbago/sciatica.

The duration of the / in the introduction of the solution should be at least 15 s, / m - at least 5 s.

The initial dose may be 8 or 16 mg. If the analgesic effect of a dose of 8 mg is insufficient, the same dose can be additionally administered.

Maintenance therapy - 8 mg 2 times a day.

The maximum daily dose should not exceed 16 mg.

Overdose of Xefocam

Currently, there is no data on an overdose of Xefocam®, which would allow us to establish its consequences or suggest specific measures for their elimination.

Symptoms: nevertheless, it can be assumed that in case of an overdose of Xefocam®, side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system and signs of renal failure will be more frequent and severe.

Treatment: if an overdose is suspected, the administration of Ksefokam should be discontinued. Due to the fact that T1 / 2 of lornoxicam is about 4 hours, it is rapidly excreted from the body. This substance cannot be removed from the body by dialysis. There is currently no specific antidote. Usual emergency measures should be applied and symptomatic treatment should be carried out.

Interactions of the drug Ksefokam with other drugs

With the simultaneous use of Xefocam and anticoagulants or inhibitors of platelet aggregation, an increase in bleeding time (increased risk of bleeding) is possible; sulfonylurea derivatives - it is possible to increase the hypoglycemic effect; other NSAIDs - increased risk of adverse reactions; diuretics - a decrease in the effectiveness of loop diuretics and uricosuric drugs; ACE inhibitors - it is possible to reduce the effect of ACE inhibitors; lithium preparations - it is possible to increase the maximum concentration of lithium, and, therefore, it is possible to increase the undesirable effects caused by lithium; methotrexate and cyclosporine - an increase in the concentration of methotrexate and cyclosporine in serum; myelotoxic drugs - increased hematotoxicity; digoxin - decreased renal clearance of digoxin; GCS and mineralocorticosteroids, estrogens - increased side effects.

Inducers of microsomal oxidation (phenytoin, ethanol, barbiturates, rifampicin, phenylbutazone, tricyclic antidepressants) - a decrease in the concentration of lornoxicam in plasma, inhibitors - an increase in the severity of side effects is possible.

Special instructions for taking Xefocam

During the period of treatment, it is necessary to monitor the state of the gastrointestinal tract in order to prevent ulcerogenic effects or gastrointestinal bleeding. To reduce the risk of ulcerogenic action allows the simultaneous appointment of omeprazole or H2-histamine blockers, synthetic analogues of PG (misoprostol).

During treatment, it is necessary to control the picture of peripheral blood and the functional state of the liver and kidneys.

In patients with renal insufficiency (plasma creatinine concentration 150–300 µmol/l), regular monitoring of renal function is required.

If it is necessary to determine 17-ketosteroids, the drug should be discontinued 48 hours before the study.

It retains sodium, potassium, lithium and water in the body, which can worsen the course of arterial hypertension and heart failure, and in people taking lithium preparations, increase the severity of side effects of lithium salts.

Elderly patients, as well as those with arterial hypertension, need regular monitoring of blood pressure.

During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Storage conditions of the drug Xefocam

List B.: In a place protected from light, at a temperature of 18–25 ° C.

Shelf life of Xefocam

Belonging of the drug Ksefokam to ATX-classification:

M Musculoskeletal system

M01 Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs

M01A Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

The modern drug Ksefokam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Ksefokam injections are used for pain relief and symptomatic treatment of rheumatic ailments. The main active ingredient of the drug is lornoxicam. The drug is produced in tablets and in the form of a lyophilisate, which is a dry substance that requires dilution for injection.

After the introduction of Xefocam, the body begins to synthesize certain elements that are involved in the regulation of biochemical reactions, inhibit the release of free radicals present during the development of inflammatory foci.

The drug has an effect on the ability to stick together platelets, has an insignificant function in the process of blood thinning.

The active active ingredient of Xefocam is lornoxicam, which has the following effect:

Inhibits the inflammatory process;
Pain relief;
Normalizes temperature.

The composition of the drug also includes:

Trometamol. The substance belongs to the regulators of water-electrolyte balance and acid-base state, is completely excreted by the kidneys and in unchanged form, stimulates diuresis;
Mannitol (E 421). Has the value of a stabilizer and an agent that prevents sticking;
Denatria edetat. It is a detoxifying agent. Excreted by the kidneys within a few days. Used in acute and chronic cases of toxicity with heavy metals and their compounds.

The use of Xefocam reduces ESR, which is a sign of a weakening of inflammatory and other abnormal processes in the body.

Indications for use

The drug Ksefokam in the form of injections is prescribed:

Contraindications

Blood clotting disorders;
Acute form of ulcer 12 - rings of the intestine and stomach;
Ulcerative colitis in the acute phase;
Kidney problems, malfunctioning of the kidneys;
Hemorrhagic stroke, when cerebral circulation is disturbed with hemorrhage in the brain;
Dehydrated state of the body;
Decrease in the volume of circulating blood;
Heart failure;
Hearing aid disorders;
Age group (up to 18 years old);
Hypersensitivity to lornoxicam or other components of the drug.

Negative manifestations associated with the use of Xefocam

The drug can cause a number of side effects from all organ systems. Mainly affected:

central nervous system

Headaches, drowsiness and dizziness, sleep disturbances, hallucinations, excessive agitation, aseptic meningitis, migraine, peripheral neuropathy are possible.

Endocrine system

Non-standard sweating, weight fluctuations, chills appear.

sense organs

There may be a violation of hearing acuity, failures associated with the visual apparatus, tinnitus, conjunctivitis.

The cardiovascular system

The main signs of such a lesion are peripheral edema, tachycardia, and increased blood pressure.

urinary system

Probably the occurrence of nephrotic syndrome, glamerulonephritis, papillary necrosis, polyuria, dysuric symptom, renal failure.

gastrointestinal tract

There may be manifestations of rectal and intestinal bleeding, flatulence, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, dry mouth, hepatitis, colitis, pancreatitis, changes in hepatic activity.

Allergic reactions may also occur.

Since the drug has a significant list of contraindications and side effects, only a doctor can prescribe treatment with Xefocam, after a thorough examination of the patient.

With prolonged use or in case of violation of the doses prescribed by the doctor, manifestations of negative phenomena are possible.

Overdose symptoms:

Vomit;
visual disturbances;
Convulsions and dizziness;
Damage to the liver, also kidneys;
Ataxia;
Failure of blood clotting.

The withdrawal of the active component occurs very quickly, therefore, dialysis in case of an overdose is not required. To alleviate the condition of the affected patient, symptomatic therapy is prescribed.

Special Instructions

During the period of treatment with Ksefokam, it is strictly forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages, as well as perform work that requires a quick reaction;
Do not use the drug in the third trimester of pregnancy. In the earlier stages of pregnancy, only a doctor can prescribe a medicine based on the state of health of the patient;
During lactation, the use of the drug is not recommended;
Using the drug in combination with other drugs can cause serious problems.

Dosage and instructions for use

The drug Ksefokam is used for intravenous and intramuscular administration. When using the medication, you must adhere to certain requirements regarding dosage:

The initial dose of input is 8-16 mg;
If the pain syndrome is not suppressed after an 8 mg dose, it is allowed to make a second injection at an identical dose;
The highest dose per day should not exceed 16 mg. Injections should be made twice a day (8 mg);
For patients suffering from renal insufficiency, gastrointestinal ailments, as well as for persons weighing less than 50 kg, the dosage of the injection should be adjusted;
The drug Ksefokam is dissolved in 2 ml of injection water. The finished solution can be stored for no more than 24 hours;
When the drug is administered intravenously, its duration should be about 15 seconds, with intramuscular injection - 5 seconds.
Xefocam injections are used mainly for postoperative pain, also for severe attacks of lumbago or sciatica.

The drug can be taken at the lowest effective dose with the shortest possible short course.

The solution for administration is prepared immediately before use. After receiving the solution, the needle must be replaced.

Intramuscular injections are made with a long needle.

Analogues

To date, drugs have not yet been developed that can be fully considered to replace Xefocam drugs. When choosing a remedy - an analogue, the doctor focuses on the medicinal effect of this drug.

Means with a lower price are considered to be substitutes for pharmacological effects:

Meloxicam;
Movalis;
Voltaren;
Tenoxicam;
Diclofenac;
ibuprofen;
Revalgin.

However, you should be informed that none of them can completely replace Xefocam injections.

Terms and conditions of storage

Ksefokam tablets and powder for solution under normal storage conditions are suitable for use for a period of 5 years. The finished solution can be consumed within 24 hours, after which it is considered unsuitable for use.

Store the drug in a dark place, at a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees.

Tablets or injections. What to choose?

Xefocam tablets are prescribed when the following clinical picture occurs:

Moderate and severe pain of various origins, in particular with:

myalgia;
Pain in the area of the spine;
oncological manifestations.

Rheumatic diseases. A medicine is used for the symptomatic treatment of the inflammatory process and the suppression of the pain syndrome.
Ksefokam injections are more effective in short-term treatment of postoperative pain, also to reduce the intensity of pain caused by attacks of sciatica (due to damage to the sciatic nerve, pain in the leg appears) or lumbago (backaches are recorded in the lower back).

After oral use of the drug Xefocam, the highest concentration of the drug in the blood can be fixed after 1 to 2 hours. Ksefokam injections act faster, and the highest concentration after injection with the drug is observed after 20 minutes. That is why in acute pain attacks it is advisable to use an injection of the drug. The effect of the drug in the form of injections lasts much longer, providing the patient with the opportunity to move, sleep and work.

It has a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Lornoxicam has a complex mechanism of action, which is based on the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, due to the inhibition of the activity of COX isoenzymes. In addition, lornoxicam inhibits the release of oxygen free radicals from activated leukocytes.
The analgesic effect of lornoxicam is not associated with a narcotic effect. The drug Xefocam does not have an opiate-like effect on the central nervous system and, unlike narcotic analgesics, does not depress breathing, does not lead to the development of drug dependence.
After oral administration, lornoxicam is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum plasma concentration is reached within 1-2 hours after taking the drug orally, and after IM administration - after 0.4 hours. The absolute bioavailability of lornoxicam is 90-100%. Lornoxicam is present in plasma mostly unchanged and, to a lesser extent, in the form of a hydroxylated metabolite that does not have pharmacological activity. The binding of lornoxicam to plasma proteins, mainly to the albumin fraction, is 99% and does not depend on its concentration. The elimination half-life averages 4 hours and does not depend on the concentration of the drug. Lornoxicam is completely metabolized in the body. 1/3 of the metabolites are excreted in the urine, 2/3 - in the bile. In the elderly, as well as in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency, significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of lornoxicam have not been identified.

Indications for use of Xefocam

for oral administration:

moderately or significantly severe pain syndrome (for example, pain in the spine, lumbago / sciatica, pain in the postoperative period, myalgia);
symptomatic therapy of pain and inflammation in inflammatory and degenerative rheumatic diseases.

For parenteral use:

pain in the postoperative period and with trauma;
pain syndrome associated with an acute attack of lumbago, sciatica.

The use of Xefocam

Tablets - inside.
With a moderately or significantly severe pain syndrome, a dose of 8-16 mg per day in 2-3 doses is recommended. The maximum daily dose is 16 mg. In inflammatory and degenerative rheumatic diseases, the recommended starting dose is 12 mg. The standard dose is 8-16 mg / day, depending on the patient's condition. The duration of therapy depends on the nature and course of the disease and is determined individually.
Ksefokam tablets are taken before meals with water. In diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, patients with impaired renal or hepatic function, elderly people (over 65 years old), a maximum daily dose of 12 mg is recommended, divided into 3 doses of 4 mg.
In/in or/m at pain in the postoperative period, as well as with an acute attack of lumbago, sciatica appoint an initial dose of 8-16 mg. With insufficient analgesic effect of Xefocam at a dose of 8 mg, the drug can be re-introduced at the same dose. Maintenance dose - 8 mg 2 times a day. The maximum dose of the drug should not exceed 16 mg / day. Ksefokam is prescribed at a dose of not more than 8 mg / day (both orally and parenterally) for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, patients with impaired renal or hepatic function, elderly patients (over 65 years), patients weighing less than 50 kg, and also after undergone major surgery.
Rules for the preparation and administration of injection solution: 8 mg of dry substance for injection is dissolved in 2 ml of water for injection; the resulting solution is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The prepared solution must be used within 24 hours. The duration of the intravenous injection should be at least 15 s, the intramuscular injection should be at least 5 s.

Contraindications to the use of Xefocam

Hypersensitivity to lornoxicam or other components of the drug, the presence of indications of hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs (ibuprofen, indomethacin) in history, hemorrhagic diathesis or blood clotting disorders, gastric and duodenal ulcer in the acute phase, ulcerative colitis, severe disorders liver function, moderate or severe renal impairment (serum creatinine level 300 µmol / l), hypovolemia or dehydration, confirmed or suspected, asthma, heart failure, hearing loss, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, pregnancy and lactation, age up to 18 years.

Side effects of Xefocam

from the gastrointestinal tract and liver: abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting; rarely - flatulence, dry mouth, gastritis, esophagitis, the formation of peptic ulcers and / or gastrointestinal bleeding (including rectal bleeding), stomatitis, glossitis, colitis, dysphagia, hepatitis, pancreatitis, abnormal liver function.
Allergic reactions: possible skin rash, hypersensitivity reactions, accompanied by shortness of breath, tachycardia, bronchospasm, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, angiitis, fever, allergic rhinitis, lymphadenopathy.
From the side of the central nervous system: rarely - dizziness, headache, drowsiness, agitation, sleep disturbances, tinnitus, hearing loss, dysarthria, hallucinations, migraine, peripheral neuropathy, syncope, aseptic meningitis.
From the sense organs: visual disturbances, conjunctivitis.
From the blood system: rarely - leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
From the side of metabolism: rarely - increased sweating, chills, changes in body weight.
From the side of the cardiovascular system: rarely - hypertension (arterial hypertension), tachycardia, peripheral edema.
From the urinary system: rarely - dysuria, in some cases - glomerulonephritis, papillary necrosis and nephrotic syndrome with a transition to acute renal failure, interstitial nephritis, crystalluria, polyuria.

Special instructions for the use of Xefocam

The drug should be used with caution in hypertension (arterial hypertension) and anemia. Patients with the following diseases can be prescribed Ksefokam only after a thorough assessment of the benefit / risk ratio:

gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in history;
diabetes mellitus with reduced kidney function.

Like other NSAIDs, Xefocam can cause the development of stomach and intestinal ulcers, as well as gastrointestinal bleeding. In patients with peptic ulcers, treatment with Ksefokam can be carried out against the background of simultaneous administration of H2 receptor blockers and omeprazole. It should be noted that long-term treatment with Xefocam may inhibit the healing process of peptic ulcers. In the event of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, the drug should be immediately discontinued and appropriate urgent measures taken. Particular attention is required for those patients with gastrointestinal pathology who are undergoing treatment with Ksefokam for the first time. Like other oxycams, Xefocam inhibits platelet aggregation, which leads to an increase in bleeding time. When using this drug, it is necessary to monitor the condition of patients with disorders of the blood coagulation system or when using drugs that inhibit coagulation (including high doses of heparin), in order to detect bleeding symptoms in a timely manner.
In patients with impaired renal function caused by significant blood loss or severe dehydration, Ksefokam as an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis can be prescribed only after elimination of hypovolemia and the associated risk of reducing renal perfusion. Like other NSAIDs, Ksefokam can cause an increase in the concentration of urea and creatinine in the blood serum, as well as water and sodium retention, peripheral edema, hypertension (arterial hypertension) and other early signs of nephropathy. Long-term treatment of such patients with Ksefokam can lead to the development of glomerulonephritis, capillary necrosis and nephrotic syndrome with a transition to acute renal failure. Patients with significant impaired renal function Ksefokam not prescribed. In elderly patients, as well as in patients with hypertension (arterial hypertension) and / or obesity, it is necessary to control the level of blood pressure. It is important to monitor renal function in elderly patients, as well as in patients who are simultaneously receiving diuretics or drugs with a nephrotoxic effect.
With prolonged use of Xefocam, it is necessary to periodically monitor hematological parameters, as well as kidney and liver function. Patients who use the drug should refrain from activities that require increased attention, speed of mental and motor reactions, as well as from drinking alcohol.

Interactions of the drug Xefocam

The interaction of the drug Ksefokam with such drugs was noted:

anticoagulants or inhibitors of platelet aggregation - possible increase in bleeding time (increased risk of bleeding);
sulfonylurea derivatives - the hypoglycemic effect of the latter may be enhanced;
other NSAIDs or corticosteroids - the risk of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract increases;
diuretics - reduces the severity of the diuretic and hypotensive effect;
β-adrenergic blockers and ACE inhibitors - their hypotensive effect may decrease.

Enhances the action of fibrinolytics. Paracetamol, cyclosporine, gold preparations and other nephrotoxic drugs increase the risk of kidney side effects; alcohol, corticotropin, potassium preparations increase the risk of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract; cefamandol, cefoperazone, cefotetan, valproic acid increase the risk of bleeding; with simultaneous use with lithium salts, the maximum concentration of lithium in the blood plasma may increase and the toxic effects of lithium may appear; increases the concentration of methotrexate in the blood serum; reduces the renal clearance of digoxin.

Xefocam overdose, symptoms and treatment

symptoms- it is possible to increase the severity of the above side effects of Xefocam. Treatment- symptomatic. Taking activated charcoal immediately after taking Xefocam reduces the absorption of this drug.

Storage conditions of the drug Xefocam

Tablets - at a temperature of 15-25 ° C; lyophilized powder for the preparation of injection solution should be stored in a dry, dark place at room temperature (not higher than 25 ° C). The prepared solution must be used within 24 hours.
Shelf life - 5 years.

List of pharmacies where you can buy Xefocam:

St. Petersburg