What drugs to treat gardnerella: antibiotics, tablets, medicines, suppositories for gardnerellosis. Gardnerellez treatment drugs

During her life, the female body may encounter unpleasant symptoms, which are expressed in abundant vaginal discharge With bad smell. The reason for this may be gardnerella - an anaerobic bacterium (that is, one that lives and reproduces in an oxygen-free environment).

Currently, doctors have different opinions about the causes of this infection, its course and risk factors that contribute to its entry. Let's try to understand what kind of disease it is, how it manifests itself and what treatment of gardnerella is considered optimal.

Gardnerella belongs to the group of opportunistic bacteria, which includes microorganisms that are constantly present in the human body without harming it. But under adverse factors, their rapid reproduction can occur.

Some doctors consider gardnerella to be the cause bacterial vaginosis among women. Therefore, the word "gardnerellosis" is sometimes used as a synonym for this disease.

This happened historically - the bacterium was discovered in 1955 in a woman who suffered from vaginitis. Then the gardnerella was called the main cause of the failure in the balance of microflora.

After that, it was found that the bacterium in this pathology is not always detected. Thus, other microorganisms can become the culprit of the imbalance.

The bacterium can be detected in the analyzes of many healthy women and men, but this does not mean that gardnerellosis has developed that requires treatment. However, with its active reproduction, it is able to change acid-base balance vagina, contributing to the emergence of other pathogens.

Infection

Doctors do not currently have a consensus on whether this disease belongs to sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

One side, main way transmission of gardnerellosis - sexual. On the other hand, a man does not develop any negative reactions in the presence of gardnerella, and they can be carriers of it for only a few days.

In addition, the presence of risk factors is necessary, in which the gardnerella will begin to multiply in female body. Thus, gardnerellosis does not always develop during the transmission of bacteria.

However, this fact does not affect the treatment regimen: gardnerella requires the same treatment as venereal diseases.

Factors that contribute to the onset of the disease include:

• immune suppression (due to autoimmune pathologies, pregnancy, radiation sickness, chemotherapy, HIV, alcoholism, etc.);
• disturbed intestinal microflora;
• hormonal imbalance;
• diabetes;
• inflammation of the urogenital area;
• the use of condoms with a lubricant containing 9-nonoxynol, and contraceptive suppositories with the same active substance("Patentex-Oval");
• long-term use of antibiotics;
• unjustified frequent douching of the vagina;
• inadequate intimate hygiene.

Some doctors believe that risk factors themselves can act as a cause of gardnerellosis without sexual contact - through the reproduction of the same bacterium that already lives in the vagina as opportunistic flora. But they do not deny that in this case, the treatment of gardnerella should be mandatory.

In addition to the vagina, gardnerella "loves" to live in the organs of urination. The incubation period usually lasts one week.

Rarely, another route of transmission is possible - during the passage of the child through the mother's genital tract in natural childbirth. However, gardnerella takes root in newborns extremely rarely, which is due to the fact that epithelial cell glycogen is needed for its nutrition, the presence of which depends on the work of estrogens. The level of this hormone is extremely low before puberty, so the bacterium quickly dies.

Household transmission of the microorganism is practically reduced to zero, but it cannot be completely eliminated.

Gardnerella does not take root in the male body, its short presence does not bring any unpleasant sensations. Being a carrier of the infection, a man can pass it on to a healthy woman.

Thus, the male body acts as a transit route of infection. It is for this reason that gardnerellosis requires treatment in men whose partners suffer from this pathology.

When analyzing, it is possible to detect the presence of a microorganism in a man, as a rule, only in the first days after contact with an infected woman.

When a woman is confirmed to have the bacterium and a man is not, this can be a reason to accuse a companion of infidelity, although the partner himself contributed to the infection.

However, cases where the bacterium penetrated the urethra and became the cause inflammatory processes at the man, occasionally come to light. This happens when the immune system is severely suppressed due to serious illnesses or in the presence of other infections (chlamydia, etc.).

When they talk about the sexual transmission of this microorganism, they most often mean the traditional one. There is a possibility of infection through other sexual practices, but it is low (the bacterium practically cannot survive on the mucous membranes of the pharynx or in the intestines). We can only talk about the temporary carriage of microorganisms.

Disease symptoms and diagnosis

With gardnerellosis, a woman has: discharge of white or gray color(less often transparent or yellowish) with an unpleasant "fishy" smell on underwear and on the walls of the vagina, itching in the perineum, pain during sexual intercourse. Sometimes the symptoms are mild.

Gardnerellosis, if left untreated, in a woman can cause:

• infectious complications after childbirth;
• salpingitis;

The bacterium does not pose a danger to the fetus if the disease manifests itself during pregnancy, since the placenta is a reliable barrier. Only in very advanced cases, in the absence of treatment, inflammatory processes can begin. reproductive system: uterine bleeding, the birth of a small child.

The reproduction of gardnerella in men occurs, as a rule, in the urethra, which leads to the appearance of urethritis. It can appear 5-6 days after infection and later. May be observed:

• greenish discharge from the urethra;
• burning and discomfort when urinating.

If you suspect a disease, you should contact a gynecologist (woman), urologist (male) or dermatovenereologist.

The main diagnostic method is a common smear from the mucous membranes. In addition to it, they also additionally determine the presence of key cells (on which gardnerella develop), in women, the PH of the vaginal secretion is measured (normally, it should be acidic, and with this disease it becomes alkaline).

Additionally, the doctor should conduct a study to identify concomitant infections that develop in the presence of gardnerellosis - treatment should be comprehensive. This pathology is often observed in the vicinity of candidiasis, ureaplasmosis (which is also caused by a conditionally common bacterium) or other sexually transmitted diseases.

Therapy of the disease

The basis of the treatment of gardnerellosis in women and men is drugs with the active substance metronidazole. It is applied topically in the form of gels or suppositories and orally (tablets).

Due to its action against obligate anaerobic bacteria, which include gardnerella, treatment with drugs such as Metronidazole, Trichopolum, Trixide, Klion is the most effective.

In addition, drugs with doxycycline, clindamycin, levofloxacin, azithromycin can be used.

Because antibiotics often cause fungal infection, then to prevent it during the treatment of gardnerellosis, fluconazole preparations ("Flucostat", "Diflucan"), natamycin ("Pimafucin") or nystatin are used.

Some doctors consider it necessary during a woman's therapy to use drugs that normalize the vaginal microflora (Vagilak, Bioselak, Acilakt, Laktonorm, etc.).

Treatment of gardnerellosis in women who are expecting a baby differs little from that prescribed for non-pregnant women, but with some restrictions (for example, metronidazole cannot be used in the first trimester, in the other two - under medical supervision). In addition, preferred local funds rather than oral.

It must be remembered that immunity against the disease is not developed, so re-infection is possible even during therapy: for this reason, doctors recommend sexual rest during the treatment course or the use of condoms during intercourse.

If the condom is torn, it is necessary to wash off the secret with water from the mucous membranes and enter local antiseptic(for example, "Miramistin").

During the treatment of gardnerellosis, it is necessary to take smears to determine the dynamics of reducing the number of bacteria. The control analysis is given 4-6 weeks after the therapy.

Prevention

Main preventive measures are: selectivity of sexual contacts, use barrier contraceptives during casual meetings or at the beginning of a new relationship, when there is no confidence in the partner.

So, gardnerella is a bacterium that can be present in small amounts in the female body. When it was revealed elevated level, therapy should be prescribed that will reduce it.

Useful video about gardnerellosis

Answers

Gardnerellosis is a disease that develops when a pathogenic bacterium enters the human body. The causative agent is gardnerella, which is easily transmitted sexually. The risk group includes men and women who are sexually active and do not have a permanent partner.

If a person has suspicions of the progression of bacterial vaginosis, a consultation and examination of a doctor who treats sexually transmitted diseases is needed. Special attention should be given to the choice of drugs. With a negligent attitude, the course of the disease can be aggravated by the occurrence and development of complications. Answering the question of patients how to treat gardnerellosis, doctors are of the same opinion: local therapy can defeat the bacterium. It is enough to correctly apply the ointment, capsules, tablets, gel or suppositories prescribed by a specialist.

note

Self-medication can adversely affect the general condition of the body and reduce the effectiveness of therapy.

The final diagnosis is made after studying the results of the patient's tests. The pharmaceutical industry offers a wide range of medicines for the treatment of disease. One of the most effective is the drug Trichopol with gardnerellosis. Vaginal tablets are prescribed for use once a day with a dosage of 500 milligrams, for 1-1.5 weeks.

No less effective is the treatment with Metronidazole gel at a concentration of 0.75% (introduction is performed into the vagina), and the course of treatment does not exceed 5 days (if the procedure is performed twice a day).

From oral medications, most often prescribed Tinidazole, with gardnerellosis, progressive long time in the body. The dosage and course of therapy is determined by the attending physician, due to the presence side effects at the medication. If Clindamycin was prescribed, it should be taken throughout the week at a dosage of 300 milligrams.

Bacterial vaginosis is also diagnosed in women during the period of bearing a child. Most of them avoid therapy, fearing to harm the fetus and convincing themselves that the bacteria will leave the body on their own. Unfortunately, this statement is not true, and the microflora is not capable of self-restoration.

How to treat gardnerellosis during pregnancy will tell the leading gynecologist for sure. Also, doctors note that with the bearing of the fetus and the correct selection of medicines, the disease is easily treatable, but antibiotic therapy is an exception.

If there is a sharp increase in the number of gardnerella, then the doctor may prescribe antibiotics. If a dilemma arises as to how to treat gardnerellosis in pregnant women, then suppositories or Klion are better suited. Traditional medicine methods are no less effective in the treatment of pregnant women, but only after approval by a doctor.

From options baths and douching are excluded, and only washing with antiseptic solutions prepared with herbs is practiced. After delivery, a woman must undergo a full course of treatment for the disease. When a doctor diagnoses gardnerellosis, it is almost impossible to do without antibiotics. The drugs of this group are indicated to combat a disease that occurs in an acute or chronic form.

When a patient goes to the clinic in a timely manner, the first thing he is prescribed is pills (they are effective in initial stage disease). The next stage is restorative, aimed at increasing the number of lactobacilli. Depending on the rate of reduction of bacteria that harm the body, the duration of the course of treatment will be determined. When the number of microorganisms has been reduced to a minimum, antibiotics will be completed.

In every clinical case how to cure gardnerellosis the doctor will determine based on general condition patient and after examining the analyses. This approach will protect against drug intolerance in patients with hypersensitivity to some components. To consolidate the result, immunotherapy and procedures to restore the natural microflora are carried out at the end. To protect the body from re-infection, diet and lifestyle should be adjusted.

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How gardnerellosis is treated can be found out exactly from the list below:

• Azithromycin - broad-spectrum tablets. Long-term use leads to accumulation active ingredient in the blood with its subsequent activation in the lesion.
• Tiberal is an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug, the release form is tablets.
• Ornidazole - effective in the fight against anaerobic microbes, is produced in the form of tablets, capsules and injections.
• Imidazole is an effective antimicrobial drug available as a cream, injection, and vaginal tablets.
• Metronidazole is an antiprotozoal drug with antibacterial activity, is produced in the form of tablets with a dosage of 250 milligrams.

In the treatment of the disease, a diet aimed at balanced diet. In order for the body to receive all the necessary elements and recover, it needs: fermented milk products, poultry and fish. Do not neglect fresh fruits and vegetables. Cereals, nuts, beans, oils (linseed, olive, corn) are very useful.

note

To keep all the components in the right form, it is better to give preference to steaming or practicing a raw food diet.

It was also said that the disease is treatable folk medicine. The basis of therapy is the oral administration of tinctures, the installation medical tampons and bathtubs. These recipes are suitable for the treatment of men and women.

Suitable for decoctions: sweet clover, marshmallow root, pine and birch buds, nettle leaves, mint, St. John's wort and eucalyptus. Prepare according to package directions and take 3 times a day before meals. Recommended single dose 100 milliliters.

Tampons are made from a mixture apple cider vinegar(1 teaspoon) and carrot juice. The resulting solution is applied to gauze folded into a swab and injected into the vagina for 20 minutes. It is not recommended to do the procedure more than once a day. The second version of the mixture includes aloe juice and sea buckthorn oil in equal proportions. Such a tampon is shown to be left overnight. Take off unpleasant symptoms(pain, itching, burning) baths from oak bark, chamomile and leaves will help walnut. Treatment of gardnerellosis in men is prescribed by a doctor, after a thorough examination of patients and study of the test results.

As with female representatives, in the absence of complications, local therapy is sufficient. The duration of treatment is 14–21 days (the drug is determined by the doctor). With clearly expressed symptoms, Doxycycline or Trikaside is prescribed, they are taken until complete cure. A man must follow a diet: no spicy, fatty, spicy and salty foods, as well as alcohol. Sexual contacts and exposure to the sun for a long time are also prohibited. Hilak, Laktovit or Bifilakt are shown as immunotherapy.

Candles from gardnerellosis: scheme and duration of treatment

The medical name for the well-known thrush is gardnerellosis. To combat it, candles are best suited. They differ from tablets in a directed action, which means they cope better with the disease.

Below are suppositories from gardnerellosis, which are often prescribed by doctors:

• McMiror;
• Terzhinan;
• Clindamycin;
• Candles with metronidazole;
• Betadine.

With their help, an optimal environment is created in the vagina, and pathogenic microorganisms gradually die. Vaginal suppositories for gardnellosis are allowed for use by women during the period of bearing a child. Thus, cleaning is performed birth canal in the third trimester.

Suppositories with metronidazole or tinidazole are highly effective in gardnellosis. They are recommended to be administered once a day, in the morning or evening time for three hours. The duration of therapy is at least 7 days, depending on the patient's condition.

It is recommended to start treatment no earlier than 2 days after the end of menstruation. On the forum, patients who were treated for gardnerellosis with candles leave only positive reviews about the drug. As a prevention of sexual infections, doctors recommend that you always protect yourself when in contact with a new partner. Also, not the last role in the prevention of the disease is assigned to the control of the state of immunity, because to strong body infections do not join. You should beware of hypothermia, because any inflammation of the genitourinary system will provoke dysbacteriosis, and gardnerellosis will progress against its background.

Genital hygiene is an integral part of prevention. If a man or woman has a suspicion of developing thrush, or gardnerellosis, you should immediately consult a doctor. The disease is easily transmitted sexually, so it is very important to protect yourself from promiscuity. The effectiveness of therapy largely depends on the patient's approach to the implementation of medical recommendations.

Infectious diseases of the genitourinary system of women cause great danger. The first stages are often asymptomatic, but harmful bacteria actively multiply and affect the internal organs. Today, there is an active growth in these pathologies, so many are interested in how gardnerella is treated in girls and mature women, what schemes and drugs exist.

Gardnerella in women: what is it?

Gardnerellosis is an inflammatory disease acute form, which is caused by the bacterium gardnerella. Infection occurs as a result of an increase in the level harmful microorganisms in the internal microflora of the vagina. This happens as a result of a fall in local and general immunity.

Provoking factors can be:

• a large number of sexual partners;
• unprotected sex (especially with unfamiliar personalities);
• regular non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene;
• taking antibiotics, steroid and anti-inflammatory drugs;
• use of intrauterine contraceptive spirals;
• malfunctions endocrine system, hormonal disorders;
• chronic diseases of the genitourinary system and STDs.

The disease can develop at any age, but the fairer sex during menopause and adolescent girls are at risk.

Patients with are also often amenable to infection.

In most cases, the disease is asymptomatic, while it is determined only in the phase of complications. Some girls complain about the following symptoms:

• mucous discharge with a strong odor;
• discomfort during and after urination;
• itching and burning;
• swelling of the external genitalia.

Gardnerella does not cause clearer signs, so the disease is often confused with other pathologies.

Although this disease is considered female, it can penetrate and maintain its vital activity for a long time in the body of men. At the same time, representatives of the stronger sex act as carriers of the infection and can infect other women. In this case, men may also feel discomfort and itching during urination. In addition, gardnerella in men can cause an inflammatory process, and as a result, exacerbation of prostatitis.

Gardnerella in women is dangerous, it can cause a number of complications, up to serious pathological inflammatory processes, therefore it is better to carry out treatment in a timely manner and according to the scheme of a specialist.

Video "Drugs and methods of treatment of gardnerellosis"

Traditional treatment regimen

The treatment regimen for gardnerellosis is determined solely by the attending physician. It is prescribed in accordance with the stage of the disease, its cause and the age of the patient.

To begin with, a woman must undergo a complete examination. The main diagnostic method is considered to be a gynecological smear. By using laboratory analysis it is possible not only to detect the presence of gardnerella, but also to estimate their number and stage of development. Additionally, an ultrasound of the lower pelvis may also be prescribed to exclude possible complications.

The traditional scheme provides for a three-stage therapy, only the application of all stages can provide complete relief from the problem.

The scheme consists of the following steps:

1. The first stage is antibiotic therapy. With the help of antibiotics, harmful microflora is eliminated until it is completely cleansed. To control the process, regular laboratory research.
2. The second stage provides for the improvement of the microflora and its settlement with lactobacilli. These microorganisms provide normal level pH and acidic environment necessary to combat gardnerella and other harmful organisms.
3. The third stage is the final one, it provides for an increase in immunity with the help of stimulants. This step is necessary for full recovery. Any infection leads to a drop in immune defenses.

Preparations for the treatment of gardnerella in women are prescribed exclusively by a doctor, self-medication in this case can be dangerous.

Popular antibacterial agents for the treatment of gardnerella

Gardnerella bacterium shows high resistance to various kinds antibiotics, so it can be difficult to find the right drug. In some cases, you have to apply several at once to increase efficiency.

It is worth immediately excluding some drugs: antibiotics from the group of cephalosporins and tetracyclines are not used, other drugs are prescribed. It is important to understand that antibiotics for gardnerellosis are the most effective and necessary means. They are not prescribed only in case of individual intolerance or during pregnancy.

Today on the pharmacy shelves you can find many names of drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases. female diseases, but a specialist will help you choose the right one. The most popular means are discussed below.

1. McMicor

McMicor is effective pills with gardnerellosis and other infectious diseases of the lower pelvis in women. Used exclusively orally. The drug acts in a complex way: it kills harmful microflora and fights the symptoms of inflammation.

McMicor is modern facility strong action. It is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician, the course and daily dosage described in the instructions, but not more than 10 daytime intake. It can be given to both women and men. In addition, Macmicor can be prescribed as a prophylaxis.

2. Clindamycin

semi-synthetic antibacterial drug in the form of a solution for injection. It is considered one of the most effective due to its complex action, because the active ingredients remove not only bacteria, but also several types of fungi.

For the treatment of gardnerellosis, it is prescribed only for women. At the same time, the daily dose is 3 ampoules (for three times a day), the full course is 7-10 days, depending on the patient's condition.

If we talk about the benefits of the drug, it is worth mentioning the good tolerance and a small number of side effects. But, unfortunately, women often refuse injections, preferring pills and local remedies.

3. Metronidazole

This antibiotic is broad-spectrum, which is used in 50% of cases. Such active use can be explained by its rapid action.

The active substance of the agent acts directly on the DNA of the bacterium, while affecting its vital activity. Metronidazole affects a large number of anaerobic bacteria, so it is used in the treatment of many infectious diseases.

The antibiotic is produced in two forms: tablets and gel for external use. When the form is launched, two views are assigned at once. At the same time, tablets are considered more effective, but can cause a number of similar actions. A full course of treatment with a two-time daily intake of 5-7 days.

4. Unitabs

A modern antibacterial drug from the group of tetracyclines. The active substance of the drug is aimed at disrupting the synthesis of harmful bacteria in the body. But at the same time, beneficial microorganisms remain intact and resume the norm.

Unitabs refers to potent drugs, it is prescribed extremely rarely. Indications for this may be intolerance or ineffectiveness of other drugs, as well as an advanced form of the disease with many complications.

The disadvantages of the drug include a large number of side effects and contraindications.

5. Wilprafen

This antibacterial agent of a new generation belongs to the group of macrolides. It is used to treat many urinary infections, in particular gardnerellosis.

It is very important not to interrupt treatment, this significantly reduces the effectiveness of therapy.

Most of the known anaerobic bacteria are completely paralyzed by the active ingredient. An antibiotic is prescribed by the attending physician after complete examination. The course cannot last more than 10 days, the daily intake is two tablets.

Vilprafen is prescribed quite often, but as side effects there are problems with the digestive organs, so the drug is contraindicated for women with chronic dysbacteriosis.

6. Terzhinan

Terzhinan is used in the treatment of many urinary tract infections in women. The drug belongs to the complex active means, which destroy all anaerobic microflora, but at the same time have a strong effect on beneficial bacteria. It is produced only in the form of vaginal suppositories, therefore it is used to treat women.

The key advantage of this drug is the fact that the composition provides protection of the mucosa from erosion.

Take the drug according to the scheme, for a week - one suppository at night. Gynecologists allow Terzhinan to be taken as a prophylactic, but the course should not exceed 5 days.

Local remedies against gardnerellosis

Oral medications are highly effective, but doctors often prescribe additional medicine from gardnerella in women in the form of suppositories or vaginal tablets. It is advisable to use them in such cases:

• contraindications oral medication, for example, the period of pregnancy;
• intolerance to internal antibiotics due to problems with the digestive system;
• as an additional means to enhance therapy;
• as a preventive measure.

The most popular external agents are the following medications:

1. Chlorhexidine solution. The safest antiseptic that is used to treat infectious diseases. It can only be used as an additional remedy; it cannot get rid of gardnerella on its own.
2. McMicor. Effective candles with gardnerellosis in women. They are marked by efficiency, and women appreciate the ease of use.
3. Candles Hexicon. It is a popular antiseptic for local use. Often suppositories are used to prevent urinary tract infections. Side effects are extremely rare.

Oral and local antibacterial agents can destroy the harmful microflora. Almost all of them act in a complex way, so the treatment involves the destruction of not only gardnerella bacteria, but also other pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi.

Means for restoring microflora

Without the use of antibiotics, gardnerellosis cannot be cured, but such treatment has a number of negative factors. The key one is Negative influence on the microflora. First of all, lactobacilli are destroyed and internal acidity is reduced.

At the second stage of treatment, two types of restorative drugs are prescribed:

• probiotics are special biologically active bacteria that actively multiply in the body to the desired norm, Linex, Hilak forte are popular, they are used internally;
• prebiotics - additional components that stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria, for example, Duphalac.

In addition to internal preparations, suppositories are also prescribed to restore the internal microflora and combat local dysbacteriosis.

The most popular medicine from this area are Lactobacterin suppositories. It is assigned after the active antibiotic therapy, the full course can last up to a month, but at the same time it needs to be adjusted with the help of laboratory tests.

Immunostimulants

Treatment of gardnerella with antibiotics significantly reduces immunity. Therefore, doctors prescribe additional funds to increase protection.

Two groups of drugs are prescribed:

1. Vitamin complexes. You can take absolutely any vitamins, a full course of therapy in accordance with the instructions. Vitamins quickly restore the natural forces of the body and improve the general condition.
2. Stimulants. These medicines are best taken as directed by a doctor. They raise protective functions, but do not exceed the dose or course. The most popular immunostimulant today is Interferon,.

Do not neglect the last stage of treatment, with reduced immunity the disease may return or cause unpredictable complications.

Conditions for effective therapy

The attending physician will help you choose the right drug, but in order for the effectiveness to be maximum, you must follow a few rules:

• take drugs strictly according to the doctor's prescription, without exceeding the dose and course;
• do not combine more than three drugs of the same group at the same time;
• follow a diet, at the time of treatment it is worth abandoning acidic foods and other irritants that can provoke changes in the internal microflora;
• refuse sexual intercourse for the entire period of therapy, even protected sex can lead to irritation and complications;
• personal hygiene should be improved, in addition, folk antiseptics can be used.

It is very important to choose the right method and drug for the treatment of gardnerella during pregnancy.

In this case, antibacterial medicines are not prescribed, therefore only antiseptics are used. In this case, douching is not used, only suppositories and vaginal tablets.

You can also use folk recipes, for example, a decoction of chamomile, sage or calendula. But you can use any medication in case of pregnancy only with the permission of the doctor and after a complete examination.

Only safe drugs, which do not penetrate into the general circulation and cannot affect the course of pregnancy. Fortunately, gardnerellosis in women in position due to the peculiarities of the hormonal background is extremely rare.

Video "What is gardnerella, and how to deal with it?"

Answers from a gynecologist to common questions about gardnerella.

Gardnerellosis or bacterial vaginosis- this is gynecological disease, which is characterized by a change in the vaginal microflora. Also, the term vaginal dysbacteriosis is used to refer to this pathology in medicine.

It does not cause inflammatory processes, is quite common female disease and involves the treatment of gardnerella in the body.

In a healthy female body, 95% of the total vaginal biocenosis is lactic acid bacteria, which play a direct role in creating a natural protective barrier of the vaginal mucosa.

The remaining 5% is occupied by about 300 other various microorganisms, including gardnerella, and this is the norm.

The microflora of the vagina is extremely sensitive to both various external and internal factors of influence.

The causes of gardnerellosis in women can be a variety of processes:

1. puberty in adolescents;
2. decreased immunity in general;
3. diseases of the endocrine system;
4. stress instability;
5. intestinal dysbacteriosis;
6. failure of the menstrual cycle;
7. violation of intimate hygiene;
8. lack of regular sexual activity;
9. frequent change sexual partners;
10. taking antibiotics and contraceptives;
11. prolonged use of intrauterine contraception;
12. pregnancy and childbirth;
13. artificial termination of pregnancy;
14. various surgical procedures;
15. chemotherapy;
16. exacerbation of chronic ailments;
17. climate change and dietary changes.

All of these conditions can provoke a decrease in the number of beneficial lactobacilli in the body. As a result, Gardnerella has the opportunity to actively develop and colonize the internal genital organ.

Symptoms and manifestations of vaginal dysbacteriosis

Female symptoms diseases are simple and understandable. They are observed on an ongoing basis in the form of copious white, grayish or yellowish discharge from the genital tract. On visual inspection, a foamy discharge can often be detected, which is easily removed with a cotton swab.

The main symptom is accompanied pungent odor characteristic of rotten fish.

Among other manifestations, redness and itching of the external genital organs, burning during urination, as well as discomfort during intercourse can be expressed.

Medical diagnosis of gardnerellosis

If bacterial vaginosis is suspected, it is not recommended to start fixing the problem on your own. This ailment can occur along with other infections, so it requires proper diagnosis and treatment under the supervision of a specialist.

In order to identify or refute the presence of gardnerellosis, several laboratory studies are carried out.

The most effective is the microscopy of a smear from the vagina. The final diagnosis must be confirmed by an analysis of isonitrile - the presence of this substance in a woman's body indicates the presence of an abundance of gardnerella in the vaginal microflora.

If bacterial vaginosis is detected, additional tests are performed for possible comorbidities, as well as on the sensitivity of pathogens to various drugs, after which, based on the results and the general condition of the patient's body, suitable treatment gardnerellosis.

Features of the therapy of vaginal dysbacteriosis

The appointment of drugs to eliminate bacterial vaginosis is necessary only in the absence of pregnancy in the patient. This disease does not pose a threat to the life of a woman or her unborn baby.

Therefore, therapy can be postponed until the birth of the child. Only in individual cases from the second trimester, the doctor may prescribe certain drugs that have no contraindications during pregnancy.

The choice of medicines is a very responsible process, since the wrong selection of medicines for each individual patient can only aggravate her illness. Any woman who is faced with such an unpleasant pathology must know how to treat the pathogen gardnerella.

However, only a doctor has the right to prescribe specific medicines for her illness.

Gardnerellosis is not included in the category of sexually transmitted diseases that are strictly sexually transmitted, but in order to avoid the transmission of harmful bacteria between partners for the period of therapy, it is worth abstaining from sexual relations. In addition, both partners must undergo treatment, otherwise an exacerbation of the disease will occur again.

Treatment regimen for bacterial vaginosis

Used to treat bacterial vaginosis in women various forms release of medicines: vaginal suppositories, suppositories, gels and ointments for local or external treatment, as well as tablets and capsules for oral use.

In addition, along with the main drugs, additional medications are often prescribed to increase the body's immunity.

The primary goal of treating the disease is the elimination of all, including those found along with gardnerella, harmful microorganisms. For this, antibiotics and antiseptics are used. At the same time, in order to prevent the appearance of mycosis in the cleaned areas of the vaginal mucosa, antifungal drugs are included in the complex of drugs.

An important role in the prevention of bacterial vaginosis belongs to the restorative therapy of the vaginal microflora, which contributes to the resumption normal amount lactic acid bacteria in the urinary tract. The intestine in such a period especially needs bifidobacteria, and to smooth the load on the liver due to the antibiotics taken, doctors attribute hepatoprotectors.

Regarding what specific drugs should be introduced into the treatment of gardnerellosis, there can be no question. Even the simultaneous therapy of two partners often involves great friend drugs from another. For this reason, self-treatment based on information obtained outside of medical consultations is strongly discouraged.

Any information from free sources about certain medicines is presented for substantive review and further discussion at an appointment with a specialist.

Macmirror Complex

The drug for combating single or chronic vaginal dysbacteriosis Macmirror is well tolerated and has a beneficial effect on the recovery of many patients. An antiseptic with a wide spectrum of action eliminates gardnerellosis not only as an autonomous disease, but also with infections that have joined it.

Macmirror is produced in the form of tablets, as well as in combination with a gel or vaginal suppositories, and is used according to the doctor's prescriptions. The duration of treatment is determined by the degree of neglect of the disease. The drug is contraindicated in case of sensitivity to the composition or in case of impaired renal function.

Vaginal suppositories Hexicon

Hexicon- Women's assistant to avoid gynecological infections. In case of unprotected sexual contact with a casual partner, it is recommended to use the medication no later than within two hours after its completion.

It is an antibacterial agent that is used both in preventive and medicinal purposes. Hexicon effectively fights the pathogens of vaginal dysbacteriosis without harming lactobacilli.

The medicine retains its properties even when used during menstruation, and is contraindicated only in case of personal intolerance to the components of the composition.

Antibiotic - a guarantee of recovery or a provocation of relapse?

The vast majority of doctors will definitely answer: the key to recovery. Despite the fact that the use of antibiotics is just one of the causes of an overabundance of gardnerella in the female body, only chemicals can help get rid of this disease in most cases.

90% of patients are cured thanks to the right antibiotic.

The maximum effect of therapy is achieved in the early stages of the disease. In this case, the second stage is the restoration of the vaginal microflora. The faster harmful microorganisms are destroyed, the shorter the course of treatment.

Active ingredient: Metronidazole

Metronidazole is considered one of the the best antibiotics to combat pathogens of the vaginal microflora. The substance has several forms of release: tablets, vaginal suppositories, gels and solutions for injections. Metronidazole has a fruitful effect on the elimination of gardnerella, destroying its DNA structure.

The medicine has serious contraindications. It is forbidden to use medicines containing Metronidazole with breastfeeding and during pregnancy up to the second trimester. In addition, even the smallest dose of alcohol during the use of the substance can lead to an antabuse-like syndrome, which is characterized by sharp deterioration the general condition of the body and the formation of aversion to alcoholic beverages.

Most Popular trade names medicines based on metronidazole:

1. Trichopolum;
2. Metrogyl;
3. Flagyl;
4. Klion;
5. Bacimex.

Active ingredient: clindamycin

Clindamycin has a wide spectrum of action, destroying not only gardnerella, but also many other pathogens. The antibiotic is produced in the form of capsules, vaginal cream, suppositories, gel for external use, as well as ampoules with a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration.

Medicines similar in content of the active substance Clindamycin:

• Dalacin;
• Clindahexal;
• Zerkalin;
• Clindamycin.

Active ingredient: Ornidazole

Many modern experts give their preference to Ornidazole. Usually, in cases of advanced bacterial vaginosis, tests also recognize pathogens such as chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and many others.

Due to its wide spectrum of action, Ornidazole is able to replace a complex of several different drugs, while acting even on infections that may not have been detected during the studies.

The rapid action of the tablets helps to feel positive changes within 2 hours after taking them.

Contraindications of the drug apply to nursing mothers, the first trimester of pregnancy, blood pathologies, as well as neurological diseases.

Antibiotics for the treatment of vaginal dysbacteriosis containing Ornidazole:

• Meratin;
• Dazolik;
• Tiberal;
• Orgil;
• Lornizol.

Active ingredient: Doxycycline

Doxycycline affects the elimination of multiple infections that are sexually transmitted. Like Ornidazole, it can save the patient from prescribing several medications at the same time, while remaining effective in the fight against each existing disease, acting quickly and without causing complications.

Doxycycline is contraindicated in case of intolerance to the composition, pregnancy, breastfeeding and in case of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.

Trade names of medicines that contain doxycycline:

• Unidox Solutab;
• Vibramycin;
• Doxilan.

Prevention of vaginal dysbacteriosis

Unfortunately, it is impossible to protect yourself 100% from such an unpleasant ailment as dysbacteriosis of the vaginal microflora, but a series of preventive measures able to reduce the risk of contracting gynecological infections in the future by an order of magnitude.

All you need is:

• lead a healthy lifestyle, strengthen immunity;
• do not self-medicate;
• use condoms when frequent shift sexual partners;
• carefully observe the rules of personal hygiene;
• avoid stress and conflict situations;
• restore the body after taking the necessary chemicals;
• 1-2 times a year even with feeling great visit the gynecologist's office.

Simple recommendations will help to avoid mass painful consequences to which women of all ages are so susceptible. One has only to make it a habit to take care of yourself and your body, as many health problems will disappear by themselves.

It is important to remember that health is a priceless treasure that needs to be protected.

Gardnerellosis is an acute inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system in men and women associated with vaginal gardnerella. The causative agent is the anaerobic bacterium gardnerella, which is part of the vaginal microflora (less than 1% of the living microorganisms). A change in the composition of the microflora causes the development of candidiasis, gardnerellosis and other diseases. inflammatory diseases reproductive system of a woman.

The bacterium belongs to facultative anaerobes, capable of rapidly multiplying, destroying the normal flora in the vagina. The microorganism is resistant to standard antibiotics, which makes therapy difficult when the disease occurs.

Gardnerellosis is common among women who have multiple sexual partners. The disease is transmitted sexually, as men are carriers infection. The contact-household mechanism of distribution is unlikely.

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Symptoms of gardnerellosis

Symptoms in women

In half of the patients who were diagnosed with gardnerellosis, clinical picture disease is absent. However, being carriers, these women become sources of infection for men, and also pose a danger to their own newborns.

Symptoms of the disease:

• copious discharge from the vagina of a white or yellowish color;
• unpleasant smell of discharge and in the vagina (reminiscent of rotten fish);
• subjective sensations in the vagina (itching and burning);
• burning during or immediately after urination.

Unlike thrush (vaginal candidiasis), discharge from gardnerellosis is not similar to cheesy plaque. There are also no pronounced discomfort during or after sex.

Symptoms in men

Men infected by women are asymptomatic carriers of the disease and are not even aware that they have gardnerellosis. This is due to the fact that the microorganism infects epithelial cells flat type, which are present in the vagina but are deficient in men.

Gardnerellosis in men occurs when there is a strong decrease in immunity. Illness manifests typical features urethritis:

• discomfort when urinating;
• phenomena inflammatory nature(swelling and hyperemia);
• discharge from the urethra;
• itching and burning in the urethra.

These signs are weakly expressed and are fully manifested in the presence of concomitant pathologies.

Sometimes men develop prostatitis - inflammation of the prostate gland or balanoposthitis - inflammation of the glans penis and both sheets foreskin. However, such variants of pathology are characterized by poor and sluggish symptoms.

Treatment of gardnerellosis

The treatment regimen for gardnerellosis includes two stages:

At the first stage, destroy excess gardnerella in the genital tract. Therefore, the main drugs at the beginning of treatment are specific antibiotics metronidazole and clindamyci, which are prescribed for topical use in the form of gels, ointments or vaginal tablets for 7-10 days.

Treatment of pregnant women with antibiotics is different: in the first trimester, therapy is carried out with ampicillin, and in the second - with metronidazole. Pregnant women should not be prescribed clindamycin, due to the toxic effect on the fetus. Treatment should not be delayed until the baby is born, as the infection provokes premature birth and complications in the health of the mother and child.

After the destruction of pathogenic bacteria, at the second stage of treatment, the normal microflora of the vagina, which has suffered due to antibiotic therapy, is restored. For this purpose, vaginal suppositories containing lactobacilli are prescribed:

• Acylact;
• Lactonorm;
• Lactobacterin.

Sometimes oral medication is also possible. To achieve the result, it is recommended to follow a diet. During treatment, exclude from the diet:

• spicy and fried foods;
• alcohol;
• sweet.

In addition, more food is added to the diet fermented milk products containing lactobacilli: yogurts and kefirs.

Sometimes, against the background of bacterial vaginosis, women develop intestinal dysbacteriosis. For the purpose of prevention, a course of probiotics is prescribed:

• Linex;
• Enterogermina;
• Bifidumbacterin.

It is also useful to prescribe immunomodulators, since the disease often occurs against a background of weakened immunity. As a rule, natural-based preparations (for example, echinacea) are used.

During treatment, sexual contact is prohibited. The key to effective treatment of gardnerellosis is the examination of the sexual partner to prevent reinfection.

Monitoring the effectiveness of therapy is carried out 10 days after the start, if necessary, the preparations are corrected.

Folk remedies for the treatment of gardnerellosis

At home, gardnerellosis is treated with herbs and plants. Medicines are easy to prepare, with positive results folk treatment appear quickly.

Here are six popular recipes folk remedies treatment of gardnerellosis:

• Mix 100 g of chamomile with 100 g of sage and the same amount of calendula. Pour 300 g of the collection with 2 liters of water and boil over low heat for 30 minutes. Cool the prepared liquid and use for douching. For one douching procedure - at least 100 ml of healing liquid.
• 100 g dry chamomile steam in 1 liter hot water, set aside for 60 minutes, strain and use for irrigation. The tool will help destroy harmful bacteria and strengthen the body.
• After the onset of gardnerellosis, it is advised to douche with the help of oak bark - pour 200 g of raw materials with 1 liter of boiling water, cook over medium heat for half an hour and strain. Each time for douching, use 1 glass of this drug. During the day, do at least 2 such procedures.
• 50 g of elecampane root mixed with the same amount of wormwood herb, licorice roots and raspberry leaves. Steam 100 g of the collection in 1 liter of boiling water and set aside for 9 hours. Use the resulting consistency for douching twice a day.
• In the same amount, mix the crushed bergenia root with clover flowers; eucalyptus leaves; tansy flowers; bearberry leaves; wintergreen grass; coltsfoot leaves; mint herb and lamb herb. Pour 2 tablespoons of the crushed mixture with 1 liter of boiling water and set aside overnight. You need to drink such a remedy for half a glass three times a day before meals.
• To strengthen the body and satiety useful trace elements calendula tea is recommended for bacterial vaginosis. Pour 100 g of calendula with 1 liter of boiling water and wait until the liquid has cooled. You can drink this tea warm throughout the day. Positive results usually appear quickly.

Causes of gardnerellosis

Gardnerellosis occurs when the composition of the vaginal microflora changes. The number of beneficial microorganisms (lactobacilli) inhabiting this organ decreases, and conditionally pathogenic, pathogenic bacteria increases. This imbalance can be caused by both internal and external causes.

Internal causes

• hormonal changes in the body;
• reduced immunity;
• chronic fatigue, overwork, stress;
• inflammatory processes of the genitourinary sphere;
• intestinal dysbiosis.

External causes

• not proper nutrition;
• taking antibiotics and hormonal drugs;
• the use of flavored hygiene products;
• wearing tight synthetic underwear;
• frequent change of sexual partners;
• unprotected intercourse;
• venereal diseases.

The disease is transmitted from a sick mother to her child, usually a girl at the time of birth, but newborn children are not diagnosed like this. To prevent the onset of symptoms of the disease, the infant is prescribed drug therapy.

The likelihood of infection with gardnerellosis increases in women who are sexually active, often change partners and ignore barrier types of contraception. The natural balance of microflora is also disturbed due to the frequent use of vaginal products and birth control pills.

Complications of gardnerellosis

In most patients, gardnerellosis does not lead to complications, and quickly disappears after a course of antibiotic treatment. But, sometimes the disease gives dangerous consequences. Undertreated or chronic gardnerellosis causes:

• endometritis;
• salpingitis;
• inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.

Gardnerellosis causes complications during pregnancy, including:

• premature rupture of membranes;
• premature birth;
• chorioamnionitis;
• postpartum endometritis.

In addition, gardnerellosis increases the risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Diagnosis of gardnerellosis

For the diagnosis of gardnerellosis in women, laboratory studies of secretions and desquamated cells of the vaginal mucosa are used. The presence of the disease is indicated by an increase in the acidity of the vaginal environment above 4.5 pH, a positive amine test confirming increased amount anaerobic bacteria, as well as the detection of microorganisms Gardnerella vaginalis in desquamated cells of the vaginal epithelium.

In itself, the presence of a pathogenic bacterium is not yet a symptom of gardnerellosis, since small amounts of a pathogenic microorganism are also allowed in a healthy person.

Informative method quantification gardnerellosis in women is considered PCR technology (polymer chain reaction), which is also used in the diagnosis of gardnerellosis in men for the analysis of urine, semen, scrapings of the urogenital tract and prostate secretion. PCR sensitivity up to 100%.

Differential Diagnosis

I differentiate Gardnerellosis with other diseases of the genitourinary system, with similar symptoms:

• fungal infection of the genital tract;
• trichomoniasis;
• gonorrhea;
• nonspecific inflammatory process.

Forecast and prevention of gardnerellosis

If the treatment of gardnerellosis is started on time, the vaginal microflora is restored after 2-4 weeks. If gardnerellosis is not treated, the risk increases:

• inflammation of the appendages;
• infertility;
• premature birth;
• complications during pregnancy.

Prevention of gardnerellosis implies the absence of stress, hypothermia, douching, and also healthy sleep, proper nutrition, walking in the air, wearing cotton underwear, using a condom during casual sex. It should be periodically examined by a gynecologist for the condition of the vaginal microflora, and if a violation occurs, correct it with a course of treatment.

Preventive measures against gardnerellosis include:

• having one sexual partner;
• refusal to use intrauterine devices;
• prevention of inflammatory processes in the genital tract;
• the use of antibiotics according to strict indications, followed by correction of dysbacteriosis;
• exclusion of too early onset of sexual activity.

Questions and answers on the topic "Gardnerellosis"

Hello. By PCR, my husband was found to have gardnerella and ureaplasma parvum. The doctor said Gardnerell did not need to be treated, but ureaplasma is possible (although it is parvum that is not dangerous), but if we are planning children, it is better to treat it. They prescribed the antibiotic Unidox Solutab for 10 days to him and me and Linex according to the scheme. Question: Do I need to be tested for gardnerella? As I understand it, women must treat her. I haven't started taking antibiotics yet.

This is necessary to prevent reinfection, and when planning a pregnancy, it is mandatory.

Hello. I was diagnosed with gardrenellez, but no treatment was prescribed. Can I treat myself and with what drugs should I start?

Hello! Self-medication is dangerous to health. Medications can only be prescribed by the attending physician. Why didn't you receive treatment? Ask this question to your doctor or change it.

Good afternoon! He underwent a course of treatment for Gardnerellosis (drank metrodinazole 2 * 2 times a day for 10 days, installations in the canal, injections with transfusion into the buttocks). The course ended on Monday 14 August. The next day there was a PCR analysis, done just in case for all STDs. Gardnerellosis showed a positive result, all the rest - negative. The doctor said to take control after 2 weeks. Today is Friday and I feel the symptoms that appeared before and during the treatment (discomfort in the head area, sometimes a little redness, and most importantly - frequent urge to urinate. The question is - should I wait for a control analysis in 2 weeks and hope that the symptoms will pass? Or insist on continuing treatment only with other drugs, given that another week has not passed since taking metrodinazole.Thanks in advance!

Hello! Treatment of gardnerellosis is considered complete when the symptoms disappear and normalize. laboratory criteria. You need to draw the attention of the attending physician to the preservation (return) of complaints.

Hello! If the infection is not detected in time, what complications can there be?

Hello! Read about the consequences of untreated gardnerellosis in the section.

Hello! I am 50 years old and Gardnerellosis was discovered in me, the doctor prescribed me Lavomax tablets and rectal suppositories Viferon. Already 10 days taking medications, and the symptoms do not disappear. I don’t know what to do.

Hello! The treatment regimen for gardnerellosis includes two stages: at the first stage, an excessive amount of gardnerella in the genital tract is destroyed. Therefore, the main drugs at the beginning of treatment are the specific antibiotics metronidazole and clindamycin, which are prescribed for topical use in the form of gels, ointments or vaginal tablets for 7-10 days. After the destruction of pathogenic bacteria, at the second stage of treatment, the normal microflora of the vagina is restored. Vaginal suppositories with lactobacilli are prescribed. Report treatment failure to your doctor.

Hello! For the first time, gardnerella was discovered at the 20th week of pregnancy, after childbirth they began to treat it. No other diseases were detected, my husband was checked, he is clean! During these six months, I was prescribed from the drugs: metronidazole, polygynex, dalacin, vaginorm-s, polyoxidonium, salvagin. I was told not to use panty liners as they can also cause gardnerella. I have no smell, and the discharge is not particularly disturbing. Just according to the analyzes, there are more of them now, already 11.6. Now metronidazole was prescribed again, only once for 2 years. How long should I take the test to see if there is a result? Can this crap be cured?

Hello! You probably already know everything about gardnerella. This is a symptom of bacterial vaginosis. They do not apply to sexually transmitted infections. The cause of gardnerella is a change in the microbiocenosis of the vagina against the background of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, unreasonable use of antibiotics, douching. Bacvaginosis is based on a decrease in immunity. You were on a standard treatment regimen. The examination of the husband is not relevant. I advise you to check the condition of the intestines, pay attention to digestion. Donate blood for glucose, and if necessary, you will have to exclude the presence of helminths. That is, everything that can provoke bacterial vaginosis. At the time of the examination, local intimate hygiene products (tantum rose, epigen intim), interferon preparations with antioxidants C, E(viferon), as well as probiotics (bion-3).

Hello! My girlfriend was diagnosed with gardnerellosis. As a result, I was prescribed the following treatment: clarithromycin 500 once a day (10 days), metronidazole twice a day (10 days), bifiform 2 capsules twice a day. I didn't get tested. There are doubts about the correctness of the prescribed tablets. Are there too many antibiotics male body, if they write everywhere that this infection in men does not linger and is washed out in a natural way?

Hello! That's right, you don't need treatment.