Difference between amoxiclav and amoxicillin. What is the difference between amoxicillin and amoxiclav

What helps better with angina - "Amoxiclav" or "Amoxicillin"? To get an answer to this question, it is recommended to study comparative characteristic drugs. Antibacterial drugs are indicated for the treatment of organ diseases respiratory system infectious nature.

"Amoxiclav" and "Amoxicillin" - antibacterial drugs. Both are part of the penicillin group. Medicines have much in common, but there are differences between them.

Composition and active substance

The basis of the drugs is amoxicillin. Medicines are considered to be analogues. "Amoxiclav" - combination drug which also contains clavulanic acid. "Amoxicillin" has a bactericidal effect, the result of which is the inhibition of the walls of bacteria.

Clavulanic acid, together with amoxicillin, forms a complex that provides antibacterial effect. The drug destroys a large number of bacteria. It acts not only on gram-positive, but also on gram-negative microorganisms.

The drug "Amoxicillin" is an analogue of "Amoxiclav". The drug is effective against microbes, refers to semi-synthetic penicillins. Rapidly absorbed into tissues and body fluids.

Release form

"Amoxiclav" is commercially available in the form of tablets, powder for suspension. There is also a powder from which a solution is made for intravenous use. Dosage form"Amoxicillin" - capsules, tablets, suspension and powder for injection.

Manufacturer and packaging

"Amoxiclav":

1. Tablets - blister of 10 pieces. In a carton box from 5 to 8 blisters.
2. Powder (for suspension) - a glass vial with a volume of 25 mg. In a cardboard box with a pipette.
3. Powder (for solution - intravenous administration) - glass vials. There are 5 powder bottles in a cardboard box.

Producer "Amoksiklava" - Poland, Slovenia ("Sandoz").

"Amoxicillin":

1. Capsules - 250 or 500 mg. 10 tablets in a blister pack. There are 1 or 2 blisters in a box.
2. Tablets - 250 or 500 mg. Packing - planimetric cell. In a cardboard pack from 10 to 20 tablets.
3. Suspension - a bottle of 100 ml. 5 ml of suspension has 250 mg of active ingredient.

Producing countries - Russia, Serbia, Switzerland.

For what diseases is the remedy prescribed?

"Amoxiclav" and "Amoxicillin" are often prescribed for angina. The use of drugs for the treatment of diseases is not ruled out genitourinary system. Medicines are prescribed to patients who have infections of the gastrointestinal tract, skin and soft tissues.

Instructions for use and dosage

Scheme of use depends on the form medicinal product. Antibiotics are taken before meals or after. Injections are given in the morning after waking up and in the evening before going to bed.

Tablets

Reception "Amoxiclav" is 250-500 mg of the substance from 2 to 3 times a day. The dosage is suitable for diseases that are characterized by moderate and severe forms. Tablets are not chewed and washed down with water.

"Amoxicillin" in capsules and tablets is not recommended to drink with meals. Children and adults at medium degree diseases, Amoxicillin is prescribed in the morning, afternoon and evening. Severe course diseases - 2 tablets per dose.

Babies are given a quarter of a tablet three times a day. For children from 5 to 10 years old, the recommended dose is half a tablet. Reception is repeated in the morning, afternoon and evening.

Suspension

The preparation of the liquid begins with the dilution of 1.2 g of Amoxiclav powder with boiled chilled water. The suspension is drunk in the morning, in the afternoon and before going to bed. The dosage varies depending on the characteristics of the patient's body during the course of the pathology.

The bottle with the powder is filled with water up to the specified mark. The dosage of the drug increases with the age of the patient. The suspension is drunk before meals, without drinking the drug with water.

Powder for injection

"Amoxiclav" is administered intravenously to infants, children of school and adolescence and adult patients. For infants prescribed lowest dosage- 25 mg per kilogram of body weight. The frequency of injections ranges from 2 to 4 times a day.

With the age of the patient, the dose increases. No more than 6 g of the drug is injected into the body per day - with serious condition. The optimal therapy regimen is 3 injections per day.

"Amoxicillin" is administered in two ways:

• intramuscularly;
• intravenously.

The dosage of the drug is the same as that of Amoxiclav. At the same time, it is not recommended to do more than 2 injections per day. Average duration therapy - 7-10 days.

Contraindications of drugs

"Amoxiclav" is prohibited in the following cases:

1. Mononucleosis.
2. Hypersensitivity to the components in the composition.
3. Diseases of the kidneys and liver.
4. Lymphocytic leukemia.

"Amoxicillin" is not taken with:

1. asthma.
2. SARS.
3. Severe pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.
4. Renal failure.
5. Liver disease.

"Amoxicillin" is contraindicated in people who are allergic to penicillins and cephalosporins.

Side effects

With the start of treatment with drugs, patients may complain of digestive disorders. Often the liver suffers, as it is disturbed normal performance. The skin becomes covered with a rash, headaches and convulsions appear.

Interaction with other medicines and alcohol

Simultaneous use of the drug, which includes amoxicillin, together with metronidazole is prohibited in persons under the age of 18 years. Medications penicillin series in most cases are used for combination therapy. Drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics is undesirable.

Shelf life of opened packaging

The solution for injection is prepared before use, since the powder is not suitable for storage in a diluted form. Suspension for oral administration is stored for 2 weeks. And keep it at room temperature.

"Amoxicillin" and "Amoxiclav" - which is better?

Such questions are decided exclusively by the attending physician. The choice of medication is based on individual features organism. In each case, you will need "Amoxiclav" or "Amoxicillin".

Which drug is easier to tolerate

In this regard, the first place belongs to Amoxicillin. The drug has a more delicate effect on the body. While taking Amoxiclav, digestive disorders are encountered more often.

children

For children, "Amoxicillin" is more suitable, as it covers all ages. The manufacturer has released a form of the drug specifically for young patients. These are granules intended for the preparation of a suspension.

Pregnant and lactating

Antibiotics are contraindicated in women during pregnancy and lactation. If you can not do without them, the treatment takes place under the strict supervision of a doctor. "Amoxicillin" has one advantage - it is quickly excreted by the kidneys from the body of a pregnant woman. Due to this, the level of exposure to the fetus is reduced.

The microbial flora living in the body of each person activates its growth when immunity is weakened. In nature, this process is suppressed fungi, while humans need more adapted semi-synthetic or biological substances, which are antibiotics. Such agents have a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on microorganisms by stopping their growth or completely destroying them.

Characteristics of the drug "Amoxicillin"

The antibiotic of the penicillin group has a wide spectrum of activity and is active against aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The tool is active in the following areas:

• Diseases of the ENT organs - groups and respiratory tract: bronchitis, otitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, pharyngitis.
• infections urinary organs: pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, endometritis.
• Skin lesions.
• The development of bacterial processes in the gastrointestinal tract: cholecystitis, typhoid fever, peritonitis, salmonellosis.
• Other infectious diseases, including meningitis, borreliosis, leptospirosis, gonorrhea.

Since "Amoxicillin" has a number of microorganisms resistant to it, before taking it, you should make sure which strains caused the disease. Otherwise, the likelihood of developing superinfections increases.

Available in the form of tablets, suspensions, capsules.

Properties of the antibiotic "Amoxiclav"

Clavulanic acid, which is part of the product, significantly expands the spectrum of its action by reducing the resistance of bacteria of the penicillin and ampicillin groups. The assimilation of the drug by the body, as well as its distribution to organs and tissues, is quite fast: within an hour after ingestion, the active substance is concentrated to the maximum.

"Amoxiclav" is prescribed for the treatment of infectious diseases urinary tract, respiratory and hearing organs, genital area, gallbladder, skin, soft, connective and bone tissues.

Release form - tablets, powder for suspensions, vacuum-dried powder for injection.

Functional similarities of drugs

Both antibiotics help to cope with infectious diseases of the same nature. Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and excreted by hemodialysis. Each of the drugs negatively affects the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

The list of contraindications to the use of each remedy is the same as the list side effects. At the same time, "Amoxicillin" and "Amoxiclav" can be used during the period of bearing a child and breastfeeding taking into account the excess of benefit for the woman over the danger to the fetus.

With the classical treatment regimen, the dosages of the drugs are similar.

The absorption of each of the drugs increases with parallel administration. ascorbic acid, and when using laxatives, glucosamine, it decreases.

Differences between antibiotics

There is a difference in the scheme of taking the drugs: the first sample is important to use with meals, and the second - regardless of the meal.

"Amoxicillin" is activated in the blood plasma within two hours, while "Amoxiclav" begins to act after one hour.

It is possible to distinguish the difference in relation to taking drugs for liver diseases: the first antibiotic (especially in combination with Metrodinazole) is forbidden to use, and the possibility of using the second exists, but taking into account the doctor's prescriptions and great care.

"Amoxicillin" is significantly inferior to the second sample in terms of cost. Depending on the manufacturer, the price of "Amoxiclav" can be 3-5 times higher compared to the first drug.

Which drug to choose

To determine the choice of a drug, it is necessary to carefully study the contraindications. Do not take "Amoxicillin" with bronchial asthma, acute infections gastrointestinal tract, diathesis, hypersensitivity to penicillin. With these diseases, the use of "Amoxiclav" is allowed, but you should pay attention to the presence of acute renal failure or pseudomembranous colitis, in which the drug is prohibited.

If an antibiotic in the form of tablets is prescribed to a child under 12 years old, then Amoxicillin should be preferred, since the second drug is intended for people older than the specified age.

People with reduced body resistance to infections and poisons, as well as those prone to conjunctivitis, rhinitis, stomatitis, anorexia, are more suitable for Amoxiclav. With pronounced disorders in the hematopoietic system, less high risks characterized by the use of "Amoxicillin".

Our health is in our hands, which is why we try to do our best to cure the disease as soon as possible. Going to see a doctor, we mentally prepare for the fact that the doctor will prescribe medication and what kind of medicine it will be depends on the disease itself. That is why we often ask ourselves the question: “Which of the antibiotics is better, Amoxicillin or Amoxiclav, and what is the difference between them?”.

Definition

Amoxiclav an antibiotic used in clinical practice for about thirty years now. This is a combination drug, it belongs to the category of semi-synthetic penicillins. Amoxiclav contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin has a bactericidal effect, inhibiting bacterial walls, and clavulanic acid together with it forms a stable complex, as a result of which a decrease in its enzymatic hydration is prevented and a guaranteed antibacterial effect is provided. The bactericidal action of the drug covers a wide range of bacteria, including gram-positive and gram-negative.

Amoxicillin- this is antimicrobial drug from the group of semi-synthetic penicillins, it has a bactericidal effect against gram-positive microorganisms. The drug is well absorbed when taken orally and penetrates into body fluids. Maximum concentration Amoxicillin in the blood is reached 2 hours after ingestion, then rapidly decreases. The drug is used to treat infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, kidney and urinary tract, gynecological infections, as well as diseases of the skin and other tissues.

Comparison

The difference between these drugs lies in the presence of clavulanic acid, which significantly expands the spectrum of action of the main substance. Amoxicillin is a derivative of ampicillin, it has a bactericidal effect due to its effect on cell membrane bacteria. The obvious disadvantage of this drug is its complete defenselessness before the production of lactamase, it is this problem that clavulanic acid added to Amoxicillin solves. Currently, the drug is rarely used to treat staph infections because pathogens develop resistance to the drug.

Findings site

1. Amoxiclav is a semi-synthetic combination drug consisting of Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Amoxillin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic (active substance Amoxicillin).
2. Amoxiclav has a wider spectrum of action due to clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin is used to treat streptococcal infections, but it is not active against staphylococci.
3. Amoxiclav is more expensive, amoxicillin is orders of magnitude cheaper.

Amoxiclav or Amoxicillin - drugs used to treat a large number infectious pathologies. Contain safe active active ingredients helping to stop infectious process on the early stages. Subject to the use of therapeutic doses side effects rarely develop.

Brief description of Amoxiclav

Amoxiclav is widely used by pediatricians and therapists for the treatment bacterial diseases. Consists of amoxiclav and clavulanic acid. Refers to semi-synthetic antibiotics. Available in the form of tablets and capsules. Moreover, capsules are more preferable, because they have an enteric shell and reduce the likelihood of damage to the gastric mucosa. There are also rapidly dissolving tablets for suspension preparation.

Available in dosages of 0.25, 0.5 and 0.875 g of amoxicillin. The amount of clavulanic acid for any of the dosages is the same - 0.125 g.

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that has therapeutic activity against a large number of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. At the same time, clavulanic acid does not have a pronounced therapeutic property. But it is needed as part of a drug to enhance activity. penicillin antibiotics. The fact is that they have been used since about the middle of the last century and have managed to establish themselves as effective medicines against infectious diseases. But during this time, bacteria have developed resistance against these substances.

The mechanism of action of the main component is that it negatively affects the shell of bacteria. It collapses, and the bacterium subsequently dies. As some organisms began to produce beta-lactamases, they became resistant to antibacterial agents. Clavulanic acid limits the activity of beta-lactamase.

The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid enhances the antibacterial effect of the drug. And if pure amoxicillin has a limited effect on microbial cells, then Amoxiclav is active against more pathogenic microorganisms. Among the bacteria that Amoxiclav destroys are gram-positive and gram-negative:

• staphylococci;
• streptococci;
• brucella;
• klebsiella;
• Helicobacter pylori;
• hemophilic rods;
• proteas;
• salmonella.

The following organisms are resistant to Amoxiclav:

• pseudomonas;
• chlamydia;
• mycoplasmas;
• legionella;
• yersinia.

After oral administration Amoxicillin is rapidly absorbed into the blood and is evenly distributed in tissues, organs, and media. Active components do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier during childbearing and in breast milk. The drug is poorly metabolized and is almost completely excreted in the urine unchanged. Clavulanic acid passes into metabolites excreted from the body by the kidneys. To be removed by hemodialysis.

With the help of Amoxiclav, you can treat such pathologies:

• inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords;
• inflammation of the middle ear (otitis media);
• sore throat;
• inflammatory diseases tonsils;
• inflammation maxillary sinuses nose (sinusitis);
• acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs;
• inflammation of the pleural membrane;
• inflammation of the bronchi (bronchitis) and trachea;
• bacterial damage to the kidneys;
• diseases Bladder and urethra;
• inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis) and seminiferous tubules;
• diseases of the inner layer of the uterus and fallopian tubes.

Amoxiclav has a small number of contraindications. It can be prescribed to children, reducing the dosage accordingly, taking into account the weight and age of the patient. The suspension can also be given to infants. It is allowed to take the medication for pregnant women (only under the supervision of the attending physician). People with kidney disease need to reduce the dosage of this medicine.

Brief description of Amoxicillin

The drug contains the active substance amoxicillin in the amount of 0.25 or 0.5 g. Additionally, the tablet or capsule contains ingredients that give the drug shape and prevent changes in the active substances. It is possible to release the drug in the form of a powder for the preparation of a suspended solution.

It's an antibiotic a wide range actions. Affects the same microbes as Amoxiclav. There is a pronounced activity of Amoxicillin in relation to organisms that are sensitive to penicillin G.

The drug does not allow the production of transpeptidase, which is why the substances necessary for cell growth are not produced. The drug is well absorbed from digestive tract and quickly transforms into metabolites, i.e. decay products.

Comparison of Amoxiclav and Amoxicillin

Since these medicines have similar active substances, their action is practically the same. Due to the presence of clavulanic acid, Amoxiclav has slightly different side effects. They develop mainly in people prone to allergic reactions.

similarity

Both drugs have similar side effects. The most frequently seen are adverse reactions for the introduction of funds:

1. Phenomena associated with dysbacteriosis. Their occurrence is explained by the destruction beneficial microorganisms. Dysbacteriosis manifests itself in the form of diarrhea, nausea, and sometimes vomiting.
2. Against the background of treatment, women sometimes develop candidiasis (thrush) of the vagina.
3. Patients are sometimes struck by an allergic reaction in the form of urticaria, angioedema, dermatitis. Most dangerous complication allergic reaction is anaphylactic shock.
4. During the use of drugs sometimes there is a reaction associated with damage to the liver tissue. Less often, jaundice develops due to stagnation of bile and blockage of the bile ducts.
5. Sometimes the use of drugs causes short-term and transient disturbances in visual perception.
6. Taking Amoxicillin sometimes causes inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye.

The effectiveness of the drugs is almost the same. Some antibiotics reduce the effectiveness of Amoxicillin or Amoxiclav. These include tetracyclines and macrolides. Methotrexate increases the toxic effect of drugs with amoxicillin. These medicines are prohibited along with alcohol due to the risk of developing a disulfiram-like reaction.

Difference

The difference between these drugs is that Amoxiclav contains a small amount of clavulanic acid. It is necessary to enhance the pharmacological action active ingredient and prevent the development of bacterial resistance to active ingredient amoxicillin.

Amoxicillin has the following contraindications:

• any inflammatory lesion liver, including jaundice;
• violation of the normal ratio of blood cells;
• viral diseases;
• asthma;
• pronounced allergic reactions, incl. in history;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the large intestine, especially drug genesis;
• bleeding;
• pathology nervous system.

Amoxiclav sometimes causes such additional side effects:

• leukopenia, i.e. declining number of whites blood cells blood;
• severe allergic reaction;
• disruption of processes venous outflow and development of thrombophlebitis.

What is cheaper?

The price of a package of Amoxiclav of 14 tablets of 0.5 g is 370 rubles, 0.875 g is 430 rubles. The cost of a package of Amoxicillin of 30 tablets of 0.5 g is 200 rubles. some pills domestic manufacturers are somewhat cheaper - from 110 to 160 rubles.

Differences in the cost of these drugs are due to the manufacturer's margin and the quality of the main substance and components that complement the tablets. The price has almost no effect on the pharmacological action.

The assertion that expensive drugs have the best pharmacological action, is false. Sometimes cheap analogue Amoxicillin has the same effect as an expensive imported drug.

What's better?

The doctor cannot, on the basis of only one examination, determine which drug will be the best for this or that patient. To do this, you need a detailed blood test.

For an adult

In adults, it does not matter which drug is prescribed for treatment infectious disease. In most cases, doctors prescribe Amoxiclav because it prevents the development of resistance (resistance) of pathogenic bacteria.

For a child

Both drugs are effective in treating infections in children.

During pregnancy

The drugs are approved for use during pregnancy. Their treatment is carried out under the supervision of a physician.

Is it possible to replace Amoxiclav with Amoxicillin?

Self-substitution of drugs is not allowed.

Analogues

Amoxicillin has the following analogues:

• Amosin;
• Amoxil;
• Ospamox;
• Flemoxin;
• Amosin suspension.

Amoxiclav can replace:

• Augmentin;
• Suprax;
• Amoxicomb;
• Amoxiplus;
• Ampisid;
• Ampisulbin.