Mortality in Russia by year. All minimum wages Minimum wages in large regions

State regulation in Russia, in accordance with the constitution, is of a social nature; for these purposes, a minimum wage standard was introduced - the Minimum Wage in Russia.

What is the minimum wage in Russia

The minimum wage (abbreviated as MROT) is a set minimum wage per hour, day or month (year) that an employer can (must) pay its employee and for which the employee can legally sell his labor.

• The minimum wage can be established legislatively and informally, for example, by signing an industry agreement between a trade union and a consolidated employer (tariff agreement).
• Although the minimum amount is applied in many countries, there is no clear consensus on the benefits and harm that such a minimum brings.

The minimum wage is regulated by Federal Law dated June 19, 2000 No. 82-FZ “On the minimum wage” and Art. 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. At the same time, regulation is carried out at the federal and regional levels.

By whom and how is it installed?

In accordance with the Federal Law of June 19, 2000 No. 82-FZ “On the Minimum Wage,” the minimum wage in Russia at the federal level is established only by the Government.

According to Art. 133.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the minimum wage at the regional level is determined by concluding tripartite agreements between representatives of trade unions, employers and government bodies of the constituent entities.

The legislation does not set a specific date. The minimum wage is changed according to a special resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation.

What is provided

The minimum wage established by federal law is ensured by:

1. organizations financed from the federal budget - at the expense of the federal budget, extra-budgetary funds, as well as funds received from business and other income-generating activities;
2. organizations financed from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - at the expense of the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, extra-budgetary funds, as well as funds received from entrepreneurial and other income-generating activities;
3. organizations financed from local budgets - at the expense of local budgets, extra-budgetary funds, as well as funds received from business and other income-generating activities;
4. other employers - at their own expense.

Controlled by

Compliance with minimum wage standards is monitored by:

• Ministry of Labor and Social Protection
• Financial authorities
• State Labor Inspectorate
• Prosecutor's Office bodies.

Position of trade unions

The Federation of Independent Trade Unions of the Russian Federation believes

« The fact that the minimum wage should be calculated not lower than the subsistence level is unconditional. But what is the living wage? The living wage that is being calculated now is calculated using a flawed methodology that was introduced in 1991 by the first Gaidar government as a crisis methodology for use within six months. 20 years have passed and it is still in use. In fact, this is the level of physiological survival. It cannot be called a real minimum wage«.

Regional minimum wage

In view of the different standards of living between the regions of Russia, Article 133.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides for the right of regional authorities to set their own minimum.

How and by whom it is installed in the region

The minimum wage at the regional level is established by agreement of three parties: the government of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the association of trade unions and the association of employers (the union of industrialists and entrepreneurs).

All employers in the region automatically become parties to such an agreement if they do not send a written reasoned refusal within 30 days from the date of its official publication in the regional media.

You can find out the specific minimum wage in the state labor inspectorate for the region or in regional media on the Internet.

Combining the minimum wage and subsistence level

Vladimir Putin signed the law of December 28, 2017 No. 421-FZ on increasing the minimum wage to the subsistence level from January 1, 2019, and in 2018 proposed to accelerate the integration of indicators from May 11, 2018.

The Ministry of Labor and Social Protection approved that the Federal minimum wage in Russia from May 1, 2018 will be set at the level of the subsistence level of the working population in Russia as a whole for the second quarter of the previous year.

What is it used for?

The minimum amount used to regulate wages in the Russian Federation, as well as to determine the amount of benefits for temporary disability. This indicator answers the question of how much and what minimum wage an employer should pay an employee in Russia, with the exception of St. Petersburg and Moscow (set separately).

Pay sick leave and maternity benefits based on the minimum wage in four cases:

• the employee has no earnings in the pay period;
• average earnings are less than the minimum wage;
• the employee's insurance period is less than six months;
• the employee violated sick leave without a valid reason.

The minimum wage is also used to determine the amount of taxes, fees, fines and other payments, which are calculated in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation depending on the minimum amount.

Employers do not have the right to pay employees a monthly salary in an amount less than the established amount. True, if an employee works part-time or part-time, then he can receive an amount per month that is less than the minimum wage, and there are no legislative obstacles here.

Minimum wages by year in Russia

An indicator used to regulate wages and determine the amount of benefits for temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, as well as for other purposes of compulsory social insurance.

From January 1, it increased to 11,280 rubles. Below we will look at how this indicator has changed over the past few years and how it relates to the cost of living.

Minimum wage 2018

In our country, the minimum wage is determined by the Federal Law “On the Minimum Wage” dated June 19, 2000 N 82-FZ. According to Art. 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the minimum wage should not be less than the subsistence level of the working population. That is, an employee who has actually worked the standard amount of time specified in the employment contract cannot have a salary lower than the minimum wage. This rule caused dissatisfaction among employers, because the cost of living was always higher than the minimum wage (for example, in 2017, the minimum wage was 7,800 rubles, and the cost of living was more than 11 thousand rubles).

If the salaries of your employees are lower than the new minimum wage, they will have to be increased or constantly paid to the minimum: for example, through a monthly allowance or bonus. For paying wages below the minimum wage, the employer may be fined in accordance with paragraph 6 of Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses in the amount of:

• officials - from 10 to 20 thousand rubles;
• legal entities - from 30 to 50 thousand rubles;
• individual entrepreneurs, without forming a legal entity - from 1 to 5 thousand rubles.

Growth of the minimum wage in 2018 - 2019

From January 1, 2018, the minimum wage in Russia increased to 9,489 rubles. Its growth did not stop there, and on May 1, 2018, the minimum wage amounted to 11,163 rubles (the Federal Law on this was signed by the President of the Russian Federation in early March). The next increase in the minimum wage occurred at the beginning of 2019, now the minimum wage is 11,280 rubles (Federal Law dated December 25, 2018 N 481-FZ)

Minimum wage and insurance premiums for individual entrepreneurs in 2019

Since 2018, the minimum wage has been separated from the amount of individual entrepreneurs’ insurance premiums “for themselves,” which they pay to the Pension Fund and the Health Insurance Fund. Now payments do not depend on the “minimum wage”; the amounts of contributions are fixed and enshrined in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation for 3 years. and learn about the calculation rules.

Growth of the minimum wage in 2012 - 2019

In 2012, the minimum wage was 4,611 rubles. Although this amount was only 63% of the subsistence level, it was tens of times higher than the “minimum wage” in the early 2000s. By 2017, the minimum wage had increased and amounted to 76% of the subsistence level in the first half of the year and 79% in the second half of the year.

The size of the minimum wage and its share of the subsistence level 2012-2019

The value of the minimum wage 2019 in the regions of Russia

Regions can set their own minimum wage, which cannot be lower than the minimum established by law. The minimum wage in the region is established by agreement between the government of the subject, the association of trade unions and the association of employers.

After the agreement is concluded and its official publication in the media, employers automatically join it if they do not submit a reasoned written refusal within 30 calendar days.

If a minimum wage is established at the local level, then an employee who has worked the required amount of time cannot receive a salary lower than the regional minimum wage level. Also, in addition to the “minimum wage”, add regional allowances and coefficients: they may differ in different regions and districts. Check the numbers on the official websites of the regions.

The minimum wage in most regions of Russia was 11,280 rubles. But in some regions it is increased by agreement and as of January 1, 2019 it is equal to:

• Moscow - every quarter the minimum wage is recalculated and fixed at the subsistence level. The minimum wage was 18,781 rubles;
• Moscow region - 14,200 rubles;
• St. Petersburg - 18,000 rubles;
• Leningrad region - 12,000 rubles;
• Tula region - 11,440 rubles;
• Kemerovo region - 14,888 rubles;
• Altai Territory - 13,000 rubles;
• Kaliningrad region - 12,000 rubles;
• Bryansk region - 11,300 rubles;
• Volgograd region - 11,677.2 rubles;
• and in other regions.

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The bill on increasing the minimum wage was approved by the Government of the Russian Federation

According to the Ministry of Labor, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the bill “On Amendments to Article 1 of the Federal Law “On the Minimum Wage.”

As planned, from January 1, 2013, the minimum wage will increase to 5,205 rubles. per month. Today the minimum wage is 4,611 rubles, so the increase will be almost 13%.

According to the Ministry of Labor, based on Rosstat data, in April 2012, the number of workers receiving wages of up to 5,205 rubles. amounted to 1.3 million people in the entire economy of the Russian Federation or about 2% of the number of people employed in the economy (of which about 360 thousand people are part-time and part-time workers). Moreover, half of them are employed in the public sector (650 thousand people or 4.3% of the total number of employees of state and municipal institutions, including about 160 thousand part-time and part-time workers).

Minimum wage - Minimum wage. Its size is set by the government. At the same time, this figure increases almost every year. The minimum wage for 2012 is currently 4,611 rubles. It is noteworthy that these figures “migrated to us from 2011, and the government has not yet decided to increase the minimum wage in 2012. This figure is generalized for all of Russia. In individual regions, depending on their development, the size of the minimum wage is different, so we provide a complete list of the 2012 minimum wage by constituent entity of the Russian Federation (regions). However, regions cannot set the value minimum wage less than the all-Russian one.

http://www.audit-it.ru/news/personnel/493933.html

The official value of the minimum wage in 2012 for Russia and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The data is current today.

Experts from the auditing and consulting company FBK compiled a ranking of countries based on the minimum wage, calculated in dollars at purchasing power parity based on average annual indicators for 2011. Our country took 40th place there with $197 (4,611 rubles), behind Belarus ($304, 36th place) and Ukraine ($240, 39th place). The leader of the ranking was Luxembourg ($1,766), followed by Holland and Belgium (1,622 and 1,565, respectively). And the lowest minimum wage is set in Kyrgyzstan - $24.

There are 52 lines in the ranking, which practically corresponds to the number of states that have ratified the International Labor Organization and UN Convention No. 131 “On Minimum Wages.” A number of countries were not included in the ranking due to the lack of uniform minimum wages. For example, in Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, China, Vietnam and some other countries there are separate minimum wages by type of activity, region, profession and skill level. Of course, if analysts had included Denmark, Finland and Germany in the rating, Russia would have been even lower there. And the increase in the minimum wage from January 2013 to 5.2 thousand rubles. is unlikely to significantly change the situation of the Russian Federation.

However, as Georgy Petrov, Vice President of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, explained to RBG, foreign partners note that Russia is ceasing to be a country with cheap labor: “In this market we already look quite decent, on par with the states of Central and Eastern Europe. And taking into account situation in the EU, our position is already better than in a number of EU countries." And, of course, there is no need to equate the minimum wage with the income level of the population. If in Luxembourg 1,766 dollars is the real salary of a specialist of a certain qualification, then in our country it is only a unit, to which various allowances, markups, bonuses, etc. are added. And therefore, there is no point in endlessly increasing the minimum wage, Georgy Petrov believes, since, along with an increase in contributions to the Pension Fund, Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and other funds, this will provoke entrepreneurs to return to “gray” salaries. “Another thing,” he says, “is that the rating reflects another problem: the income gap between the poorest class and the rich. Our Ginny coefficient has not improved recently and does not contribute to socio-economic stability in the country.” This is confirmed by an FBK study showing the ratio of the minimum wage to GDP per capita. Pakistan (81.67%) and Ecuador (79.14%) are leading here by a wide margin. Russia dropped to 49th place with 18.34%.

The minimum wage for 2019 has been increased again. Let's look at how this value has changed over the years preceding 2019 and how it relates to the cost of living.

Federal minimum wage in 2019

The minimum wage (minimum wage) at the state level is approved by the relevant federal law. The minimum wage is valid throughout Russia and cannot be less than the subsistence level of able-bodied citizens for the 2nd quarter of the previous year for the purpose of calculating wages (Article 1 of the Law “On Minimum Wages” dated June 19, 2000 No. 82-FZ). In other words, an employee who has actually worked the standard amount of time established by the labor agreement cannot receive a salary less than the established minimum wage. If an employer pays a salary less than the minimum wage, he faces a fine under clause 6 of Art. 5.27 Code of Administrative Offenses:

• from 10,000 to 20,000 rub. on officials;
• from 30,000 to 50,000 rub. for legal entities;
• from 1,000 to 5,000 rubles. for individual entrepreneurs operating without forming a legal entity.

If previously neither the social nor financial departments of the Russian Federation, nor parliamentarians could establish compliance of the minimum wage with the subsistence level, then in March 2018 the President of the Russian Federation signed Law No. 41-FZ dated 03/07/2018, the norms of which determined that from 05/01/2018 the minimum wage will be equal to the subsistence level of the working-age population for the 2nd quarter of last year.

Results

The minimum wage for 2019 was increased to 11,280 rubles. Since May 2018, the minimum wage has become equal to the subsistence level of the working-age population for the 2nd quarter of 2017 and amounted to 11,163 rubles. Regions also have the right to set the minimum wage, but it cannot be lower than the federal figure.