What you need to create a dog kennel. Dog breeding as a business: necessary equipment and documents

Encyclopedic reference: a nursery is a farm specializing in the cultivation and reproduction of one or more species of animals or plants.

Most modern nurseries are engaged in breeding animals - dogs, cats, horses and others. If 1-2 pets are not enough to satisfy your love for animals, you should think about how to open your own nursery. Our article will help you find out what is needed for this and what to expect on the path of development.

Step by step to turning a hobby into a source of income

Step one: we solve legal issues

There are probably many animal lovers who would like to have their own nursery, but are afraid to open one due to legal difficulties. Their fears are unfounded: private nurseries can operate without state and tax registration, and a license is not needed. From the point of view of the state, nurseries do not pursue the goal of generating regular income from breeding animals.

All that is required is to choose a specialization, come up with a name and apply to join a club that is registered in the international system with the same specialization. After checking the name for uniqueness, the central office assigns official status to the nursery. Despite the lack of a legal framework and formal reasons for tax persecution, many nursery owners, in order to be on the safe side, enter into agreements with buyers and pay a 13% tax.

Step two: choosing a strategy

Since there are no random people among nursery owners, there is no need to talk about the specifics of organizing work. Let us only note that there are 2 main types of such farms: those conducting breeding work independently or through a club. The second option is optimal at the initial stage: it is easier to select partners for mating and draw up documents.

You can do breeding work yourself when the number of animals in the nursery increases sufficiently. If your goal is to go international, be prepared to spend money, time and effort on conducting various veterinary tests and obtaining documentary evidence of the absence of genetic changes in animals, such as hip dysplasia in large breed dogs.

Step three: create a name

It’s not enough to open your own nursery and get high-quality offspring - you also need to make sure that people know about your nursery. It is best to present the result of your breeding work at an exhibition - this way you will show what is called “the product face” and establish many necessary connections. Prizes from exhibitions are much more, a balm for self-esteem. This is, firstly, an increase in image, and, secondly, an opportunity to increase the cost of animals.

Where can I get money?

In the matter of animal breeding, the question of how much it costs to open a nursery is far from the most important. Registering with a club (association) and purchasing your first animals is not a particularly big investment. Real investments are needed later: for participation in exhibitions, keeping animals, conducting tests, organizing matings, vaccinations and much more.

Underwater rocks

And yet, there is one legal danger that may await nursery owners. The fact is that the law provides for a fine for violating sanitary and epidemiological standards for the operation of residential buildings and premises. This means that you need either a separate room for the nursery, or appropriate equipment for the apartment: sound insulation, air conditioning system and much more.

Let's sum it up

Opening your own nursery is not difficult and not even very expensive. However, if the main question for you is: is the nursery profitable, it is better to leave this idea right away - despite the high cost of the animals, their sale barely compensates for the costs. Therefore, we must clearly understand: a nursery is not a business, but a hobby, and one cannot expect that it will help ensure a comfortable old age.

How to open your own nursery? Will your dog kennel be profitable? What is needed to open a nursery? Despite the fact that dog breeding is more of an expensive hobby than a profitable business, breeders ask themselves such questions from time to time. We can immediately say that there will be no profit for the first few years, but considerable expenses will be incurred.

The business idea of ​​opening your own dog kennel is very attractive at first glance - the price of a purebred puppy is $500-1000, an average litter of 5 puppies per year per dog. That is, if you open your own kennel and keep four breeding dogs in it, your monthly income will be at least $800.

But in reality everything is not so simple. Before opening your kennel, you should take into account all the upcoming expenses: the cost of dogs, maintaining breeding dogs for up to two years, expenses for exhibitions, without participating in which the dog will not have value in the eyes of customers, the amount of food for the dog during pregnancy, expenses for a veterinarian, caring for puppies, paperwork.

If you are planning to open your own nursery, the annual costs will be something like this:

Total: Keeping dogs costs about 60 thousand rubles a year.

If everything is organized correctly, your own nursery can bring in up to 80 thousand rubles in income per year. Thus, the net profit is 20 thousand rubles per year, and this is a very small amount.

You can make quick money by selling puppies of fashionable breeds - Chihuahuas, Spitz, Yorkshire terriers. Firstly, puppies from dogs of these breeds are expensive - up to $1,500, and secondly, keeping dwarf dogs is much cheaper.

Experienced amateur dog breeders often organize their own kennels, and at some point they are faced with the question of the continued existence of the family business, which is based on the breeding and sale of puppies. And here you need to follow certain rules regarding how to open your own nursery. The best option for placing a kennel is a private house with a large area for walking dogs. Much attention should be paid to maintaining the regime and caring for dogs.

There are no special sanitary requirements for a dog kennel, but at the same time it must meet zoohygienic requirements in terms of temperature, humidity and light. Dogs must be kept separately from other animals. The nursery is surrounded by a high brick fence.

The nursery must be equipped with:

Spacious enclosures for keeping dogs;
quarantine room for new animals;
separated from the rest of the premises by a maternity room and a “puppy barn”;
veterinary premises with isolation ward;
utility rooms - kitchen, cellar, pantry.

During the first few years, you should not expect profit from the nursery. But if you are interested in how to open your own nursery, you are probably ready for this.

People have been breeding dogs since ancient times. Purebred, purebred dogs were in good demand among people of noble origin. Kings and dukes sought to emphasize their high position not only with their wealth, expensive things, beautiful castles, but also with the presence of dogs of noble blood. And if in those days only a rich person could afford to buy such a dog, today the purchase of a purebred puppy has become accessible to almost any person.

Many people, in addition to purchasing a dog, want the breeder to also provide papers confirming the pedigree and origin of this individual. However, not all breeders can issue such papers, but for specialized nurseries this is quite possible.

Before opening a kennel, you should study in what conditions it is best to keep dogs, how to care for them, what to feed and other important issues. In order to obtain all this information, you need to sift through a large amount of literature, visit dog shows, and get advice from veterinarians.

It is worth noting right away that this business does not bring instant profit. In addition, at the first stage, you will have to spend a significant amount to open a large center where dogs will eat, live, reproduce, and receive the necessary veterinary care. Where they will be regularly fed and cared for. It may seem at first glance that breeders are rich people who make a lot of money by selling puppies. This is true, but you just need to take into account that in order to raise a puppy, you first need to create expensive living and nutritional conditions for it.

For example, someone sells one puppy at a price from 500 to 1000 dollars. It's easy to assume that this person makes a lot of money. Let's say one bitch gives birth to 5 puppies a year. Thus, having four producers, you can make a profit of $800 every month. But this is only at first glance.

Let's calculate how much money is needed for the nursery to start functioning:

Rent of premises + land – from 50,000 rubles per month;
- Utilities – 10,000 rubles per month;
- Purchase of ten dogs – from 200,000 rubles;
- Food and vitamin supplements for dogs – 3,000 rubles per month;
- Registration of a permit and registration of a nursery – 20,000 rubles;
- Purchase of necessary equipment – ​​from 150,000 rubles;
- Veterinarian services – 8,000 rubles per month;
- Participation in exhibitions – 8,000 rubles per month;
- Advertising expenses – 7,000 rubles;
- Salary for 4 employees – from 80,000 rubles per month;
- Other expenses – from 10,000 rubles per month.

The total is about half a million rubles, and this is only for the first month at the time the nursery opened.

As you can see, the costs are very significant. In addition, you need to take into account that the Russian market for selling puppies is very saturated and it is not so easy to find buyers. It is worth noting that there is not a single nursery in the world that generates huge profits. All nurseries, as a rule, are financed and maintained by wealthy owners.

Before starting a business, you should check the local laws in your city for permission to open a nursery. It is necessary to visit insurance companies and obtain business insurance. After this, the created kennel is registered with the Russian Cynological Federation (RKF) or another similar authority.

For some time now, law enforcement agencies have begun to require that anyone wishing to open their own kennel have a veterinary or zootechnical education in order to bring order to the dog breeding business. According to the requirements of the Federation of Cynologists (RKF), you need to have a breeding bitch of any breed that has a pedigree of 4 generations. It would also be useful for the breeder to have the title of RKF breed judge or a document confirming completion of a dog handler course. In addition, you need permission to breed, to register puppies and dogs, and a requirement for mating (many breeds need to undergo some tests before mating).

Here is a basic list of necessary documents and important conditions that must be met if you decide to open your own nursery.

Any nursery must have:

Spacious walks and enclosures for dogs;
- veterinary compartment with isolator;
- maternity ward;
- quarantine room for newly arriving dogs;
- pantry and kitchen;
- ventilation system.

The simplest “homes” for dogs are kennels made of wood, but they can be made from panels or small blocks. For breeding work, it is best to keep dogs in closed walks - free spaces limited by a fence where drinking bowls and feeders are located.

In addition to the enclosures, the nursery has a number of related facilities. Some of them are required, and some are only desirable. For example, the kitchen should have a freezer to store frozen meat supplies. The walls and floor in the kitchen should be made of materials that make them easy to wipe, clean from dirt and disinfect.

The nursery must have a utility room for storing cleaning equipment. A hospital for sick dogs is also required. It must be made in such a way that it can be easily and quickly disinfected. To do this, one door should lead to the hospital, and the second to the exit from the nursery. You can designate a separate room for grooming dogs, but this is not necessary.

The staff of the kennel should include: a veterinarian, an assistant veterinarian, a cleaner, a trainer and a person who will feed and walk the dogs. For commercial purposes, it will be necessary to include an accountant in the staff.

Do not forget that you need to create the most comfortable conditions for the dogs in your kennel. Every day, all dogs, regardless of their breed and age, must undergo a mandatory external examination. It is necessary to regularly ventilate the premises, keep them clean and tidy. Your pets should receive good nutrition and adequate exercise. Compliance with these conditions will allow your dogs to remain healthy and produce good offspring. In a special journal you can enter all your observations about each inhabitant of the nursery. This will form a general idea of ​​each dog, its character and habits.

Remember that when breeding dogs, you cannot mix different breeds, otherwise the reputation of the kennel will be seriously damaged. Indeed, for many buyers, not only the color of a dog’s coat is important, but also its aesthetic characteristics.

All basic requirements and rules of the organization for nurseries are determined by the documents of the RKF.

To promote your business, you will need to allocate funds to create advertising. Come up with a bright, memorable sign that will be visible from all sides. Print brochures and business cards with all the necessary information and contacts. Make a website, because today most people start searching for any information via the Internet. During the first months, you can place an ad in a newspaper or magazine.

Don't expect to make a quick profit. Only constant work and continuous business development will help you earn a good reputation and win customers.

Cynology and felinology are incredibly fascinating areas. Those who once plunged into this special world will definitely begin to consider it a calling. Moreover, even unfamiliar breeders will become their spiritual family.

The desire to show off their favorite breed to the entire Galaxy and make at least a couple of hundred people happy appears for some almost from childhood, for others - already in adulthood. And almost everyone has thought at least once about how to open a cat or dog nursery.

It’s really not always easy, but those who love their breed with all their hearts and strive to improve it are not afraid of difficulties. Read our article about how to open a nursery (or breeding farm) and turn your cherished dream into reality.

We weigh the decision again

Of course, you have already thought about everything a thousand times. But before you open a cattery (dog nursery), you need to ask a number of important questions not only to yourself, but also to your loved ones. Are you ready for big expenses, not only monetary, but also time?

Can you quit your job to focus only on animals? Do your loved ones agree to help you? If you do not have a veterinary education, will you be able to enlist the help of a knowledgeable veterinarian? Do you understand that a stud farm does not guarantee profit? You need to think about this before opening a cattery (dog nursery). Why? Let's take a closer look.

Firstly, any nursery will require start-up capital amounting to thousands (or even tens of thousands) of conventional units. A good breeding animal costs money, and a lot of it. But you won’t be able to get by with just one purchase. It is also necessary to provide living conditions (enclosures or rooms, sleeping places, decorations, etc.). Add to this the regular costs of quality food, cosmetics, care products, examinations at the clinic, and vaccinations.

Secondly, the owner of the nursery (or breeder) must have truly strong, nerves of steel. Felinology and cynology will not tolerate helplessness. Will you be able to put aside your emotions to separate fighting animals or deliver a child? Can you calmly react to a torn sofa or chewed wires?

Are you prepared for sleepless nights if your animal suddenly gets sick? Will you be able to feed the babies every couple of hours if for some reason the mother cannot feed them? How do you feel about endless washing and cleaning (and when you have puppies and kittens, this is inevitable)?

Are you ready to care for your offspring for life, if suddenly they don’t buy it? Do you agree to appear annually with your pets at exhibitions? Please note that exhibitions are also paid and, depending on the level, cost from 100 euros and above, and without an expert assessment you do not have the right to breed animals.

Breeding plant or still a nursery?

Alas, thanks to the efforts of amateur clubs, these concepts have practically become equal. However, serious organizations continue to keep a distance between nurseries and breeding plants. This applies to both cynology and felinology. Registration of a cattery requires several breeding animals and the appropriate education to prove that you truly understand issues such as biology and genetics.

You will be asked to provide a diploma from a veterinarian, doctor, dog handler or livestock specialist. If you don’t have any, you will have to take courses and pass exams. Training programs are usually carried out by club leaders.

The status of a nursery can be assigned without the presence of the listed documents, if the operation of the breeding plant (for registration of which just one purebred animal is enough) has been impeccable (successful) for ten years. It must be said that in different countries these rules may differ (or amendments are made), so check the details with the nearest official branches and clubs.

Deciding on the breed

The choice of breed is a personal matter. Here you can focus both on your own preferences and on the popularity of the breed. Although the last factor is constantly changing, and it is quite difficult to predict demand even in the next five years. Today, the most popular cat breeds are Siamese, Scottish Fold, English Shorthair, Russian Blue, Canadian Sphynx, Persian, Abyssinian, Siberian and Kuril Bobtail.

There are also preferences in the field of cynology. The most popular decorative breeds are predominantly small in size and service dogs: Yorkshire terrier, French and English bulldogs, pug, Siberian husky, German shepherd, Rottweiler.

Selecting breeding producers

This is what they call the animals that will participate in breeding. It is advisable to purchase them from nurseries that have proven themselves.

When choosing a kitten (puppy), think about the fact that it is the key to your reputation in the future. Be sure to take an interest in the achievements of his parents, littermates, relatives (aunts, uncles, grandparents, brothers and sisters).

All of them must have the highest possible expert ratings (the same ones that they receive at exhibitions). Titles are, of course, welcome. The more there are and the higher they are, the more expensive the kitten (puppy) will be.

The only document confirming purebredness is a pedigree. It is advisable that it be filled out completely (not only parents, but great-grandparents are indicated. Using the pedigree, it is not difficult to “trace” all ancestors (find out their colors, expert assessments, etc.). This document is issued only in the relevant branches and clubs Remember that there are unofficial organizations that issue so-called “fake” pedigrees.

It is not difficult to check the legality of the club. It is enough to find out which international system it is part of, then enter its name into a search engine and check whether such a club exists in this system. If you are wondering how to successfully open a cattery, try to feel the “fashion trend”. Try to predict which breeds will become the most popular in the coming years.

Fashionable landscape design, a neat lawn near the house or just a cozy home window with pots. What does all this connect? That's right - plants. Today, plant breeding is not only a hobby for housewives, but also a profitable and promising business. In addition, the niche is still free: there are no more than 250 nurseries in all of Russia. You need to have time to take your place in the sun! We’ll tell you how to open a plant nursery from scratch and not get into trouble in this article.

Where do we start?

When learning a new topic, it is difficult to immediately know where to start. First of all, it is worth studying the question:

• Conduct regional market analysis.
• Find sales points.
• Find reputable suppliers of soil, fertilizers and the plants themselves.
• Consider the logistics coverage network.

Be prepared for the fact that you will be able to receive your first net profit no earlier than in 1-2 years. This is exactly the kind of business where time works for you. However, it is important to evaluate your financial and information base before starting a business. An entrepreneur who is inexperienced in this area is unlikely to achieve success. This requires some knowledge and patience.

Plant nurseries are divided into the following types depending on their focus:

• Fruit and berry plants.
• Ornamental plants.

Depending on the type of propagation, plants can be:

• Vegetative.
• Seed.
• Plants with a closed root system.

The flora is also divided depending on life expectancy:

• 1-3 years.
• 3-7 years.
• More than 7 years.

All these factors must be taken into account when selecting and distributing plants in the nursery. Some plants don't get along with each other. In addition, a small plant nursery business requires mandatory certification and licensing procedures. The entrepreneur must also obtain a conclusion that the nursery does not contain quarantine plants.

The next step is to obtain an inter-district (inter-regional or inter-regional) quarantine certificate. Step-by-step instructions for obtaining a license and certificate are freely available on the Internet. The certificate will give you the right to sell your products outside your own region. You can receive all the necessary documents only a couple of months after submitting the relevant application.

Registration

So, we have decided on the choice of plants and the direction of the nursery. Next, you need to register your business yourself and obtain an individual tax number. The choice of ownership form depends on the scale and initial investment. For small areas (up to 1 hectare), we recommend registering an individual entrepreneur (the state fee will be 800 rubles). If you immediately aim to cover the entire region, it is better to choose an LLC (the state duty will be 4,000 rubles). The tax authority will immediately ask you to select an OKVED code. The following will suit you best:

• 01.1 “Growing annual crops.”
• 01.2 “Growing perennial crops.”
• 01.30 “Growing seedlings.”

In addition to the correct arrangement of plants, it is required to obtain a quarantine certificate, permission from the SES, Rospotrebnadzor and fire services. Only after these procedures can you begin to work.

Plot

You can also organize a plant nursery in small areas. To begin with, a plot of 3 acres may even be enough for you. The area in this case is not as important as the quality of the soil. On a small plot with high-quality soil you can get many times more than on a large plot with poor soil. However, your assortment is likely to be enough only for fellow hobbyists. Large networks with such volumes will not work. The optimal scale is 3-5 hectares.

The soil should be loose, with a high humus content. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that there is no groundwater in the selected area (the critical minimum is one and a half meters). Also, the site must be protected from strong winds. An artificial fence can be made from utility blocks. The best option is trees along the perimeter of the site. There should be a room on the site for storing equipment, fertilizers and other small household equipment.

Greenhouse

In order not to depend on the season, a novice entrepreneur needs to build a greenhouse. The most budget option is to build a homemade greenhouse. However, this requires a lot of effort and time. Therefore, many people prefer prefabricated structures. It can be installed in a day. One square meter costs about 2 thousand rubles.

One frame is not enough in winter. It is necessary to think through the heating and land reclamation system in detail. The air temperature should be maintained at 16 °C all year round, and up to 8 °C at night. There are 2 ways to maintain temperature: technically (special equipment) and naturally (greenhouse effect). Depending on the size, a high-quality greenhouse will require from 100 thousand rubles.

Staff

The number of personnel directly depends on the area of ​​the site. A small plot of up to 5 hectares can be processed by 2-3 people. In addition, the organization must also involve an agronomist technologist. There is no point in hiring an accountant, since all accounting and reporting can be done independently through online services.

We count profits

The main question in any business is whether it is profitable? A business idea provides an opportunity to earn good money. The cost of production consists of the cost of seedlings, the cost of heating, land reclamation, fertilizer and employee wages. About 40-50 thousand rubles will be spent on wages per month along with deductions. For watering and heating you will need from 5 thousand rubles per month. You will have to spend about 10 thousand rubles monthly on fertilizers.

The markup will be about 150%. Thus, an adult two-year-old seedling will cost about 750 rubles. The cost of a three-year-old plant starts from 4.5 thousand rubles. Profitability can reach 50%.

Advantages and disadvantages

Opening a plant nursery has its pros and cons.

• High profitability and relatively low cost.
• Opportunity to start a business on your own personal plot.
• Little competition.

• You can get your first real money only after 1-2 years of hard work.
• Quite a long payback period (2-3 years).
• Great influence of external factors (soil, climate, weather conditions).

Eventually

A business idea for opening a plant nursery is ideal for summer residents and gardeners. Without specific knowledge, it will be difficult to achieve success in this field. Even despite the greenhouse conditions, business has its seasonality. Be prepared to invest throughout the year and receive a profit once per season. But Confucius also said: “Do what you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.”